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We provide upper and lower bounds on the smallest eigenvalue of grounded Laplacian matrices (which are matrices obtained by removing certain rows and columns of the Laplacian matrix of a given graph). The gap between the upper and lower…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-08 Mohammad Pirani , Shreyas Sundaram

The Laplacian-constrained Gaussian Markov Random Field (LGMRF) is a common multivariate statistical model for learning a weighted sparse dependency graph from given data. This graph learning problem can be formulated as a maximum likelihood…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Yakov Medvedovsky , Eran Treister , Tirza Routtenberg

For any given graph G = (V,E) we define in a certain way a new graph G(x,y,z) with the vertex set V\cup E depending on parameters x,y,z from {0,1, +, -} and call graph G(x,y,z) the (x,y,z)-transformation of G. It turns out that if G is an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-16 Aiping Deng , Alexander Kelmans , Juan Meng

The development of self-supervised graph pre-training methods is a crucial ingredient in recent efforts to design robust graph foundation models (GFMs). Structure-based pre-training methods are under-explored yet crucial for downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Howard Dai , Nyambura Njenga , Hiren Madhu , Siddharth Viswanath , Ryan Pellico , Ian Adelstein , Smita Krishnaswamy

We study the problem of causal structure learning when the experimenter is limited to perform at most $k$ non-adaptive experiments of size $1$. We formulate the problem of finding the best intervention target set as an optimization problem,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-03 AmirEmad Ghassami , Saber Salehkaleybar , Negar Kiyavash , Elias Bareinboim

Consider a graph with n nodes and m edges, independent edge weights and lengths, and arbitrary distance demands for node pairs. The spanner problem asks for a minimum-weight subgraph that satisfies these demands via sufficiently short paths…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Fritz Bökler , Markus Chimani , Henning Jasper

We study sublinear time algorithms for estimating the size of maximum matching in graphs. Our main result is a $(\frac{1}{2}+\Omega(1))$-approximation algorithm which can be implemented in $O(n^{1+\epsilon})$ time, where $n$ is the number…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Soheil Behnezhad , Mohammad Roghani , Aviad Rubinstein , Amin Saberi

Graph signal processing (GSP) is a framework to analyze and process graph-structured data. Many research works focus on developing tools such as Graph Fourier transforms (GFT), filters, and neural network models to handle graph signals.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-13 Feng Ji , Wee Peng Tay

We argue that Transformers are essentially graph-to-graph models, with sequences just being a special case. Attention weights are functionally equivalent to graph edges. Our Graph-to-Graph Transformer architecture makes this ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 James Henderson , Alireza Mohammadshahi , Andrei C. Coman , Lesly Miculicich

We propose a graph spectrum-based Gaussian process for prediction of signals defined on nodes of the graph. The model is designed to capture various graph signal structures through a highly adaptive kernel that incorporates a flexible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Yin-Cong Zhi , Yin Cheng Ng , Xiaowen Dong

Graph signal processing (GSP) advances spectral analysis on irregular domains. However, existing two-dimensional graph fractional Fourier transform (2D-GFRFT) employs a single fractional order for both factor graphs, thereby limiting its…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Mingzhi Wang , Zhichao Zhang

Finding a minimum vertex cover in a network is a fundamental NP-complete graph problem. One way to deal with its computational hardness, is to trade the qualitative performance of an algorithm (allowing non-optimal outputs) for an improved…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Thomas Bläsius , Tobias Friedrich , Maximilian Katzmann

There are many variations on partition functions for graph homomorphisms or colorings. The case considered here is a counting or hard constraint problem in which the range or color graph carries a free and vertex transitive Abelian group…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-06 Eric Babson , Matthias Beck

The spectrum of a network or graph $G=(V,E)$ with adjacency matrix $A$, consists of the eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian $L= I - D^{-1/2} A D^{-1/2}$. This set of eigenvalues encapsulates many aspects of the structure of the graph,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-12-06 David Cohen-Steiner , Weihao Kong , Christian Sohler , Gregory Valiant

A bipartite graph $G(U,V;E)$ that admits a perfect matching is given. One player imposes a permutation $\pi$ over $V$, the other player imposes a permutation $\sigma$ over $U$. In the greedy matching algorithm, vertices of $U$ arrive in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Alon Eden , Uriel Feige , Michal Feldman

Current methods of graph signal processing rely heavily on the specific structure of the underlying network: the shift operator and the graph Fourier transform are both derived directly from a specific graph. In many cases, the network is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-31 Kathryn Beck , Mahya Ghandehari , Jeannette Janssen , Nauzer Kalyaniwalla

This paper proposes a graph linear canonical transform (GLCT) by decomposing the linear canonical parameter matrix into fractional Fourier transform, scale transform, and chirp modulation for graph signal processing. The GLCT enables…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-07-18 Jian Yi Chen , Bing Zhao Li

The graph Laplacian regularization term is usually used in semi-supervised representation learning to provide graph structure information for a model $f(X)$. However, with the recent popularity of graph neural networks (GNNs), directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Han Yang , Kaili Ma , James Cheng

We present a novel approach for graph classification based on tabularizing graph data via new variants of the Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm and then applying methods for tabular data. The variants are obtained by modifying the underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Reijo Jaakkola , Tomi Janhunen , Antti Kuusisto , Magdalena Ortiz , Matias Selin , Mantas Šimkus

Scalings in which the graph Laplacian approaches a differential operator in the large graph limit are used to develop understanding of a number of algorithms for semi-supervised learning; in particular the extension, to this graph setting,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-01 Matthew M. Dunlop , Dejan Slepčev , Andrew M. Stuart , Matthew Thorpe
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