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Quantum machine learning (QML) is emerging as an application of quantum computing with the potential to deliver quantum advantage, but its realisation for practical applications remains impeded by challenges. Amongst those, a key barrier is…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques have been increasingly applied in optimizing control systems. However, their application in quantum systems is hampered by the challenge of performing closed-loop control due to the difficulty in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-08 Tanmay Neema , Susmit Jha , Tuhin Sahai

Reinforcement learning (RL) provides a principled framework for decision-making in partially observable environments, which can be modeled as Markov decision processes and compactly represented through dynamic decision Bayesian networks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Gilberto Cunha , Alexandra Ramôa , André Sequeira , Michael de Oliveira , Luís Barbosa

We consider a general class of models, where a reinforcement learning (RL) agent learns from cyclic interactions with an external environment via classical signals. Perceptual inputs are encoded as quantum states, which are subsequently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-14 Jens Clausen , Hans J. Briegel

Quantum machine learning (QML) has been identified as one of the key fields that could reap advantages from near-term quantum devices, next to optimization and quantum chemistry. Research in this area has focused primarily on variational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-01 Andrea Skolik , Sofiene Jerbi , Vedran Dunjko

Precision measurements of molecules offer an unparalleled paradigm to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. The rich internal structure within these molecules makes them exquisite sensors for detecting fundamental symmetry violations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Anastasia Pipi , Xuecheng Tao , Arianna Wu , Prineha Narang , David R. Leibrandt

Quantum Machine Learning(QML) is developed by combining quantum mechanics principles with classical machine learning techniques in a hybrid framework that can give faster, exponential, more efficient power of quantum computing with the data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Pallab Biswas , Tamal Maity

The emergence of quantum computing enables for researchers to apply quantum circuit on many existing studies. Utilizing quantum circuit and quantum differential programming, many research are conducted such as \textit{Quantum Machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Yunseok Kwak , Won Joon Yun , Soyi Jung , Jong-Kook Kim , Joongheon Kim

Machine Learning (ML) models are trained using historical data to classify new, unseen data. However, traditional computing resources often struggle to handle the immense amount of data, commonly known as Big Data, within a reasonable time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-01 Minati Rath , Hema Date

Quantum computing offers exciting opportunities for simulating complex quantum systems and optimizing large scale combinatorial problems, but its practical use is limited by device noise and constrained connectivity. Designing quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-19 Akash Kundu , Leopoldo Sarra

Reconstructing quantum states from measurement data represents a formidable challenge in quantum information science, especially as system sizes grow beyond the reach of traditional tomography methods. While recent studies have explored…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Shabnam Jabeen , Dmytro Kurdydyk , Aadi Palnitkar , Mihir Talati , Jeffrey Yan , Jinghong Yang

One of the ambitious goals of artificial intelligence is to build a machine that outperforms human intelligence, even if limited knowledge and data are provided. Reinforcement Learning (RL) provides one such possibility to reach this goal.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-05-31 Xiao-Ming Zhang , Zi-Wei Cui , Xin Wang , Man-Hong Yung

This paper addresses the problem of qubit routing in first-generation and other near-term quantum computers. In particular, it is asserted that the qubit routing problem can be formulated as a reinforcement learning (RL) problem, and that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-29 Steven Herbert , Akash Sengupta

Learning representations for reinforcement learning (RL) has shown much promise for continuous control. We propose an efficient representation learning method using only a self-supervised latent-state consistency loss. Our approach employs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Aidan Scannell , Kalle Kujanpää , Yi Zhao , Mohammadreza Nakhaei , Arno Solin , Joni Pajarinen

Machine Learning (ML) has been widely applied across numerous domains due to its ability to automatically identify informative patterns from data for various tasks. The availability of large-scale data and advanced computational power…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a control approach that can handle nonlinear stochastic optimal control problems. However, despite the promise exhibited, RL has yet to see marked translation to industrial practice primarily due to its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Elton Pan , Panagiotis Petsagkourakis , Max Mowbray , Dongda Zhang , Antonio del Rio-Chanona

In the field of quantum computing, variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) represent a pivotal category of quantum solutions across a broad spectrum of applications. These algorithms demonstrate significant potential for realising quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-16 Abhishek Sadhu , Aritra Sarkar , Akash Kundu

Quantum Tiq-Taq-Toe is a well-known benchmark and playground for both quantum computing and machine learning. Despite its popularity, no reinforcement learning (RL) methods have been applied to Quantum Tiq-Taq-Toe. Although there has been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Catalin-Viorel Dinu , Thomas Moerland

Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved phenomenal success in various domains. However, its data-driven nature also introduces new vulnerabilities that can be exploited by malicious opponents. Recent work shows that a well-trained RL agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Xiaolin Sun , Zizhan Zheng

Machine learning (ML) is a promising approach for performing challenging quantum-information tasks such as device characterization, calibration and control. ML models can train directly on the data produced by a quantum device while…