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Diestel and M\"uller showed that the connected tree-width of a graph $G$, i.e., the minimum width of any tree-decomposition with connected parts, can be bounded in terms of the tree-width of $G$ and the largest length of a geodesic cycle in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-15 Matthias Hamann , Daniel Weißauer

A graph $G=(V,E)$ with geodesic distance $d(\cdot,\cdot)$ is said to be resolved by a non-empty subset $R$ of its vertices when, for all vertices $u$ and $v$, if $d(u,r)=d(v,r)$ for each $r\in R$, then $u=v$. The metric dimension of $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-29 Richard C. Tillquist , Rafael M. Frongillo , Manuel E. Lladser

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple, unweighted, connected graph. Let $d(u,v)$ denote the distance between vertices $u,v$. A resolving set of $G$ is a subset $S$ of $V$ such that knowing the distance from a vertex $v$ to every vertex in $S$ uniquely…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Paul Gutkovich , Zi Song Yeoh

Let $\Gamma$ be a simple connected undirected graph with vertex set $V(\Gamma)$ and edge set $E(\Gamma)$. The metric dimension of a graph $\Gamma$ is the least number of vertices in a set with the property that the list of distances from…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-04-16 Jia-Bao Liu , Ali Zafari , Hassan Zarei

For a graph $G$, a subset $S\subseteq V(G)$ is called a resolving set of $G$ if, for any two vertices $u,v\in V(G)$, there exists a vertex $w\in S$ such that $d(w,u)\neq d(w,v)$. The Metric Dimension problem takes as input a graph $G$ on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Florent Foucaud , Esther Galby , Liana Khazaliya , Shaohua Li , Fionn Mc Inerney , Roohani Sharma , Prafullkumar Tale

Let $G = (V,E)$ denote a simple graph with the vertex set $V$ and the edge set $E$. The profile of a vertex set $V'\subseteq V$ denotes the multiset of pairwise distances between the vertices of $V'$. Two disjoint subsets of $V$ are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-08 Radoslav Fulek , Slobodan Mitrović

For a simple graph $G=(V,E)$ and for a pair of vertices $u,v \in V$, we say that a vertex $w \in V$ resolves $u$ and $v$ if the shortest path from $w$ to $u$ is of a different length than the shortest path from $w$ to $v$. A set of vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-23 Patrick Andersen , Cyriac Grigorious , Mirka Miller

Let $G$ be a connected graph and $u,v$ and $w$ vertices of $G$. Then $w$ is said to {\em strongly resolve} $u$ and $v$, if there is either a shortest $u$-$w$ path that contains $v$ or a shortest $v$-$w$ path that contains $u$. A set $W$ of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-11 Nadia Benakli , Novi H Bong , Shonda M. Dueck , Linda Eroh , Beth Novick , Ortrud R. Oellermann

Let $G$ be a connected graph. Given an ordered set $W = \{w_1, w_2,\dots w_k\}\subseteq V(G)$ and a vertex $u\in V(G)$, the representation of $u$ with respect to $W$ is the ordered $k$-tuple $(d(u,w_1), d(u,w_2),\dots,$ $d(u,w_k))$, where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-11 D. Kuziak , J. A. Rodríguez-Velázquez , I. G. Yero

The notion of resolving sets in a graph was introduced by Slater (1975) and Harary and Melter (1976) as a way of uniquely identifying every vertex in a graph. A set of vertices in a graph is a resolving set if for any pair of vertices x and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-09 Rémy Belmonte , Fedor V. Fomin , Petr A. Golovach , M. S. Ramanujan

Given a connected graph $G$ with at least three vertices, let $d_G(u,v)$ denote the distance between vertices $u,v\in V(G)$. A subset $S\subseteq V$ is called a doubly resolving set (DRS) of $G$ if for any two distinct vertices $u, v \in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-30 Qingjie Ye

For a graph $G$, a subset $S \subseteq V(G)$ is called a \emph{resolving set} if for any two vertices $u,v \in V(G)$, there exists a vertex $w \in S$ such that $d(w,u) \neq d(w,v)$. The {\sc Metric Dimension} problem takes as input a graph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Esther Galby , Liana Khazaliya , Fionn Mc Inerney , Roohani Sharma , Prafullkumar Tale

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a connected simple graph. The distance $d(u,v)$ between vertices $u$ and $v$ from $V$ is the number of edges in the shortest $u-v$ path. If $e=uv \in E$ is an edge in $G$ than distance $d(w,e)$ where $w$ is some vertex in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Milica Milivojević Danas , Jozef Kratica , Aleksandar Savić , Zoran Lj. Maksimović

Let $G$ be a connected graph and $d(a,b)$ be the distance between the vertices $a$ and $b$. A subset $U =\{u_1,u_2,\cdots,u_k\}$ of the vertices is called a resolving set for $G$ if for every two distinct vertices $a,b \in V(G)$, there is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-16 Z. Ahmad , M. O. Ahmad , A. Q. Baig , M. Naeem

An independent edge set of graph $G$ is a matching, and is maximal if it is not a proper subset of any other matching of $G$. The number of all the maximal matchings of $G$ is denoted by $\Psi(G)$. In this paper, an algorithm to count…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Lingjuan Shi , Wei Li , Kai Deng

A vertex set $U \subseteq V$ of an undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ is a $\textit{resolving set}$ for $G$, if for every two distinct vertices $u,v \in V$ there is a vertex $w \in U$ such that the distances between $u$ and $w$ and the distance…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-06-28 Duygu Vietz , Stefan Hoffmann , Egon Wanke

Two vertices u,v of connected graph G are doubly resolved by x,y\in V(G)if d(v; x)-d(u; x)\neq d(v; y)-d(u; y): A set W of vertices of the graph G is a doubly resolving set for G if every two distinct vertices of G are doubly resolved by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-13 Mohsen Jannesari

A set S of vertices in a graph G resolves G if every vertex is uniquely determined by its vector of distances to the vertices in S. The metric dimension of G is the minimum cardinality of a resolving set of G. This paper studies the metric…

Given a graph $G$, let $\mathrm{diam}(G)$ be the greatest distance between any two vertices of $G$ which lie in the same connected component, and let $\mathrm{diam}^+(G)$ be the greatest distance between any two vertices of $G$; so…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Louigi Addario-Berry , Gabriel Crudele

The mixed metric dimension ${\rm mdim}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the cardinality of a smallest set of vertices that (metrically) resolves each pair of elements from $V(G)\cup E(G)$. We say that $G$ is a max-mdim graph if ${\rm mdim}(G) = n(G)$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-01 Ali Ghalavand , Sandi Klavžar , Mostafa Tavakoli