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Related papers: Plato and the foundations of mathematics

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A theory of recursive and corecursive definitions has been developed in higher-order logic (HOL) and mechanized using Isabelle. Least fixedpoints express inductive data types such as strict lists; greatest fixedpoints express coinductive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Lawrence C. Paulson

Reverse Mathematics (RM for short) is a program in the foundations of mathematics with the aim of finding the minimal axioms required for proving theorems about countable and separable objects. RM usually takes place in second-order…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-07-28 Sam Sanders

The nature of the existence, revealed through Human cognitive system, has been evolving since the development of the languages. Part of such revelations were the geometrical forms and the numbers, whose beauty and order, wondrous and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-02-28 Jahan. N. Schad

In this paper, we study the so-called 'Mathematical part' of Plato's Theaetetus. Its subject concerns the incommensurability of certain magnitudes, in modern terms the question of the rationality or irrationality of the square roots of…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2014-08-12 Salomon Ofman

The statement of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem brings up an unexpected form of reflexivity (major concept of philosophy of mathematics), so that geometry contemplates itself in it. It is therefore the revolutionary and multifaceted concept of…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2020-03-11 Joel Merker , Jean-Jacques Szczeciniarz

Nets are generalisations of sequences involving possibly uncountable index sets; this notion was introduced about a century ago by Moore and Smith. They also established the generalisation to nets of various basic theorems of analysis due…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-10-01 Sam Sanders

General mathematical reasoning is computationally undecidable, but humans routinely solve new problems. Moreover, discoveries developed over centuries are taught to subsequent generations quickly. What structure enables this, and how might…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Gabriel Poesia , Noah D. Goodman

In a previous article, we discussed a paradox in Timaeus' cosmology: that there is no void inside the universe, even though it is entirely filled with polyhedra-a mathematical impossibility (Brisson-Ofman 2025). In the present article, we…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-04-04 Salomon Ofman , Luc Brisson

The recent trend in mathematics is towards a framework of abstract mathematical objects, rather than the more concrete approach of explicitly defining elements which objects were thought to consist of. A natural question to raise is whether…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-12-24 Benjamin Horowitz

In this paper a novel calculus system has been established based on the concept of 'werden'. The basis of logic self-contraction of the theories on current calculus was shown. Mistakes and defects in the structure and meaning of the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2012-01-13 Xiaoping Ding

Plato envisioned Earth's building blocks as cubes, a shape rarely found in nature. The solar system is littered, however, with distorted polyhedra -- shards of rock and ice produced by ubiquitous fragmentation. We apply the theory of convex…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-06-08 Gábor Domokos , Douglas J. Jerolmack , Ferenc Kun , János Török

Informally speaking, the categoricity of an axiom system means that its non-logical symbols have only one possible interpretation that renders the axioms true. Although non-categoricity has become ubiquitous in the second half of the 20th…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-05-26 Jouko Väänänen

The main aim of this article is to defend the thesis that Plato apprehended the structure of incommensurable magnitudes in a way that these magnitudes correspond in a unique and well defined manner to the modern concept of the "Dedekind…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2014-09-03 George Chailos

This paper presents an expository reverse-mathematical analysis of two fundamental theorems in commutative algebra: Hilbert's Nullstellensatz and Basis Theorem. In addition to its profound significance in commutative algebra and algebraic…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Dhruv Kulshreshtha

In this paper, we argue that formal systems of first order Arithmetic that admit Goedelian undecidable propositions validly are abnormally non-constructive. We argue that, in such systems, the strong representation of primitive recursive…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bhupinder Singh Anand

This article is the first part of a study of the so-called 'mathematical part' of Plato's Theaetetus (147d-148b). The subject of this 'mathematical part' is the irrationality, one of the most important topics in early Greek mathematics. As…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2020-08-31 Luc Brisson , Salomon Ofman

Set out here are some fundamental theories that may be regarded as newly discovered metamathematics of the odd integers in relation to the Collatz conjecture (also called the 3x+1 problem). Originally motivated by the requirement to invent…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Michael A. Idowu

This paper presents mathematics as a general science of computation in a way different from the tradition. It is based on the radical philosophical standpoint according to which the content, meaning and justification of experience lies in…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aarno Hohti

Identifying a full basis of operators to a given order is key to the generality of Effective Field Theory (EFT) and is by now a problem of known solution in terms of the Hilbert series. The present work is concerned with hidden symmetry in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-13 Rodrigo Alonso , Shakeel Ur Rahaman

We construct counterexamples to classical calculus facts such as the Inverse and Implicit Function Theorems in Scale Calculus -- a generalization of Multivariable Calculus to infinite dimensional vector spaces in which the…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-07-06 Benjamin Filippenko , Zhengyi Zhou , Katrin Wehrheim