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Self-reinforcing feedback loops are both cause and effect of over and/or under-presentation of some content in interactive recommender systems. This leads to erroneous user preference estimates, namely, overestimation of over-presented…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Gökhan Çapan , Özge Bozal , İlker Gündoğdu , Ali Taylan Cemgil

The closed feedback loop in recommender systems is a common setting that can lead to different types of biases. Several studies have dealt with these biases by designing methods to mitigate their effect on the recommendations. However, most…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Sami Khenissi , Mariem Boujelbene , Olfa Nasraoui

Recommender systems shape individual choices through feedback loops in which user behavior and algorithmic recommendations coevolve over time. The systemic effects of these loops remain poorly understood, in part due to unrealistic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Gabriele Barlacchi , Margherita Lalli , Emanuele Ferragina , Fosca Giannotti , Dino Pedreschi , Luca Pappalardo

When subjected to automated decision-making, decision subjects may strategically modify their observable features in ways they believe will maximize their chances of receiving a favorable decision. In many practical situations, the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Keegan Harris , Valerie Chen , Joon Sik Kim , Ameet Talwalkar , Hoda Heidari , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Recommendation algorithms are known to suffer from popularity bias; a few popular items are recommended frequently while the majority of other items are ignored. These recommendations are then consumed by the users, their reaction will be…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Masoud Mansoury , Himan Abdollahpouri , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Bamshad Mobasher , Robin Burke

Selection bias is prevalent in the data for training and evaluating recommendation systems with explicit feedback. For example, users tend to rate items they like. However, when rating an item concerning a specific user, most of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Weishen Pan , Sen Cui , Hongyi Wen , Kun Chen , Changshui Zhang , Fei Wang

Recommender systems continuously interact with users, creating feedback loops that shape both individual behavior and collective market dynamics. This paper introduces a simulation framework to model these loops in online retail…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Gabriele Barlacchi , Margherita Lalli , Emanuele Ferragina , Fosca Giannotti , Luca Pappalardo

We propose a new online learning model for learning with preference feedback. The model is especially suited for applications like web search and recommender systems, where preference data is readily available from implicit user feedback…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-11-04 Pannagadatta K. Shivaswamy , Thorsten Joachims

We present a novel preference learning framework to capture participant preferences efficiently within limited interaction rounds. It involves three main contributions. First, we develop a variational Bayesian approach to infer the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Yan Wang , Jiapeng Liu , Milosz Kadziński , Xiuwu Liao

What we discover and see online, and consequently our opinions and decisions, are becoming increasingly affected by automated machine learned predictions. Similarly, the predictive accuracy of learning machines heavily depends on the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Sami Khenissi , Olfa Nasraoui

Preference elicitation explicitly asks users what kind of recommendations they would like to receive. It is a popular technique for conversational recommender systems to deal with cold-starts. Previous work has studied selection bias in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Shashank Gupta , Harrie Oosterhuis , Maarten de Rijke

Prediction-based decision-making systems are becoming increasingly prevalent in various domains. Previous studies have demonstrated that such systems are vulnerable to runaway feedback loops, e.g., when police are repeatedly sent back to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Nicolò Pagan , Joachim Baumann , Ezzat Elokda , Giulia De Pasquale , Saverio Bolognani , Anikó Hannák

The feedback data of recommender systems are often subject to what was exposed to the users; however, most learning and evaluation methods do not account for the underlying exposure mechanism. We first show in theory that applying…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Da Xu , Chuanwei Ruan , Evren Korpeoglu , Sushant Kumar , Kannan Achan

We present a conversational recommendation system based on a Bayesian approach. A probability mass function over the items is updated after any interaction with the user, with information-theoretic criteria optimally shaping the interaction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Francesca Mangili , Denis Broggini , Alessandro Antonucci , Marco Alberti , Lorenzo Cimasoni

Bayesian optimization (BO) with preference-based feedback has recently garnered significant attention due to its emerging applications. We refer to this problem as Bayesian Optimization from Human Feedback (BOHF), which differs from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Aya Kayal , Sattar Vakili , Laura Toni , Da-shan Shiu , Alberto Bernacchia

System prompts are a central control mechanism in modern AI systems, shaping behavior across conversations, tasks, and user populations. Yet they are difficult to tune when feedback is available only as aggregate metrics rather than…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Zhiyuan Jerry Lin , Benjamin Letham , Samuel Dooley , Maximilian Balandat , Eytan Bakshy

We study online Bayesian persuasion problems in which an informed sender repeatedly faces a receiver with the goal of influencing their behavior through the provision of payoff-relevant information. Previous works assume that the sender has…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Francesco Bacchiocchi , Matteo Bollini , Matteo Castiglioni , Alberto Marchesi , Nicola Gatti

Recommender systems play a critical role in enhancing user experience by providing personalized suggestions based on user preferences. Traditional approaches often rely on explicit numerical ratings or assume access to fully ranked lists of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Bahar Boroomand , James R. Wright

Recommender systems play a key role in shaping modern web ecosystems. These systems alternate between (1) making recommendations (2) collecting user responses to these recommendations, and (3) retraining the recommendation algorithm based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Karl Krauth , Yixin Wang , Michael I. Jordan

Recommender systems trained in a continuous learning fashion are plagued by the feedback loop problem, also known as algorithmic bias. This causes a newly trained model to act greedily and favor items that have already been engaged by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Dalin Guo , Sofia Ira Ktena , Ferenc Huszar , Pranay Kumar Myana , Wenzhe Shi , Alykhan Tejani
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