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Results of Jacobson, Carlip and Solodukhin, from the 1990s, suggest a hydrodynamic approach to quantum gravity in which a classical solution of Einstein's equations determines the density matrices of subsystems associated with causal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-02-10 T. Banks

Spacetimes with horizons show a resemblance to thermodynamic systems and it is possible to associate the notions of temperature and entropy with them. Several aspects of this connection are reviewed in a manner appropriate for broad…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 T. Padmanabhan

The present study is elaborated to investigate the validity of thermodynamical laws in a modified teleparallel gravity based on higher-order derivatives terms of torsion scalar. For this purpose, we consider spatially flat FRW model filled…

General Physics · Physics 2019-06-07 Saira Waheed , M. Zubair

The holographic principle, considered in a semiclassical setting, is shown to have direct consequences on physics at a fundamental level. In particular, a certain relation is pointed out to be the expression of holography in basic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-02-03 Alessandro Pesci

'Holographic' relations between theories have become an important theme in quantum gravity research. These relations entail that a theory without gravity is equivalent to a gravitational theory with an extra spatial dimension. The idea of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-09-11 Dennis Dieks , Jeroen van Dongen , Sebastian de Haro

We analyse the laws of thermodynamics governing the behaviour of cosmological horizons in de Sitter space and their map to a holographic description at future infinity, $\mathcal{I}^+$. In this case, the boundary can receive signals from…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-29 Indranil Dey , Kanhu Kishore Nanda , Akashdeep Roy , Deepak Kumar Sharma , Sandip P. Trivedi

We demonstrate that the phase space of the soft sector of asymptotically flat gravity in four spacetime dimensions can be identified with that of a spherically symmetric finite casual diamond in Minkowski spacetime. The leading soft…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-15 Luca Ciambelli , Temple He , Kathryn M. Zurek

The fact that one can associate thermodynamic properties with horizons brings together principles of quantum theory, gravitation and thermodynamics and possibly offers a window to the nature of quantum geometry. This review discusses…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-14 T. Padmanabhan

In an odd-dimensional spacetime, gravity can be formulated as a proper gauge theory based on the Chern-Simons action for a suitable gauge group. Performing dimensional reduction, one obtains, as an effective theory, Chamseddine's…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-31 Dušan Đorđević , Dragoljub Gočanin

We formulate certain inequalities for the geometric quantities characterizing causal diamonds in curved and Minkowski spacetimes. These inequalities involve the red-shift factor which, as we show explicitly in the spherically symmetric…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-09-30 Clement Berthiere , Gary Gibbons , Sergey N. Solodukhin

We study the covariant phase space of vacuum general relativity at the null boundary of causal diamonds. The past and future components of such a null boundary each have an infinite-dimensional symmetry algebra consisting of diffeomorphisms…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-12 Venkatesa Chandrasekaran , Kartik Prabhu

A possible way out of the conundrum of quantum gravity is the proposal that general relativity (GR) is not a fundamental theory but emerges from an underlying microscopic description. Despite recent interest in the emergent gravity program…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-04-24 Niels S. Linnemann , Manus R. Visser

Several papers from the mid to late 1990s suggest that Einstein's equations should be thought of as the hydrodynamic equations of a special class of quantum systems. A classical solution defines subsystems by dividing space-time up into…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-05-23 T. Banks

It is argued that the spatial homogeneity of the early universe need not be explained as having evolved from a previous inhomogeneous state. Rather, a homogeneous cosmic initial condition follows from the Second Law of Thermodynamics…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-21 Lucas Lolli Savi

In the context of thermodynamics applied to our cosmological apparent horizon, we explicit in greater details our previous work which established the Friedmann Equations from projection of Hayward's Unified First Law. In particular, we show…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-02-17 Alexis Helou

We consider covariant metric theories of coupled gravity-matter systems satisfying the following two conditions: First, it is assumed that, by a hyperbolic reduction process, a system of first order symmetric hyperbolic partial differential…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 I. Racz

We derive the Einstein field equations and black hole entropy from the first law of thermodynamics on a holographic time-like screen. Because of the universality of gravity, the stress tensor on the screen must be independent of the details…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-07-10 Miao Li , Rong-Xin Miao , Jun Meng

Several recent investigations have shown that there is a holographic relationship between the bulk degrees of freedom and the surface degrees of freedom in the spacetime. Furthermore, the entropy on the horizon can produce an entropic force…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-23 Fei-Quan Tu , Yi-Xin Chen , Qi-Hong Huang

The dynamics of general Lovelock gravity, viewed on an arbitrary spherically symmetric surface as a holographic screen, is recast as the form of some generalized first law of thermodynamics on the screen. From this observation together with…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-04 Yu Tian , Xiao-Ning Wu

We compute a gravitational on-shell action of a finite, spherically symmetric causal diamond in $(d+2)$-dimensional Minkowski spacetime, finding it is proportional to the area of the bifurcate horizon $A_{\mathcal{B}}$. We then identify the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-22 Kwinten Fransen , Temple He , Kathryn M. Zurek