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Several gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) last much longer (~hours) in gamma-rays than typical long GRBs (~ minutes), and recently it was proposed that these "ultra-long GRBs" may form a distinct population, probably with a different (e.g. blue…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-06-06 Bin-Bin Zhang , Bing Zhang , Kohta Murase , Valerie Connaughton , Michael S. Briggs

We report on the detection of a remarkable new fast high-energy transient found in the Chandra Deep Field-South, robustly associated with a faint ($m_{\rm R}=27.5$ mag, $z_{\rm ph}$$\sim$2.2) host in the CANDELS survey. The X-ray event is…

We build a comprehensive sample to statistically describe the properties of X-ray flashes (XRFs) and X-ray riches (XRRs) from the latest third Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT3) catalog of Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We obtain 81 XRFs, 540…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-24 Xiongwei Bi , Jirong Mao , Chuanxi Liu , Jin-Ming Bai

It has long been known that there are two classes of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), mainly distinguished by their durations. The breakthrough in our understanding of long-duration GRBs (those lasting more than ~2 s), which ultimately linked them…

A systematical study on the early X-ray afterglows of both optically bright and dark gamma-ray bursts (B-GRBs and D-GRBs) observed by Swift has been presented. Our sample includes 25 GRBs. Among them 13 are B-GRBs and 12 are D-GRBs. Our…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Yi-Qing Lin

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are bright milliseconds-duration radio bursts from cosmological distances. Despite intense observational and theoretical studies, their physical origin is still mysterious. One major obstacle is the lack of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-12 Yi Xing , Wenfei Yu , Zhen Yan , Xian Zhang , Bing Zhang

Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are short-duration, highly-energetic extragalactic radio transients with unclear origins & emission mechanisms. Despite extensive multi-wavelength searches, no credible X-ray or other prompt electromagnetic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-18 G. Waratkar , M. Dixit , S. P. Tendulkar , V. Bhalerao , D. Bhattacharya , S. Vadawale

We present an investigation of the quiescent and transient X-ray binaries (XRBs) of the Galactic Center (GC). We extended our Chandra analysis of the non-thermal X-ray sources, located in the central parsec, from Hailey et al. (2018), using…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-17 Kaya Mori , Charles J. Hailey , Theo Y. E. Schutt , Shifra Mandel , Keri Heuer , Jonathan E. Grindlay , Jaesub Hong , Gabriele Ponti , John A. Tomsick

In the optical sky, minutes-duration transients from cosmological distances are rare. Known objects that give rise to such transients include gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the most luminous explosions in the universe that have been detected at…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-12-15 Linhua Jiang , Shu Wang , Bing Zhang , Nobunari Kashikawa , Luis C. Ho , Zheng Cai , Eiichi Egami , Gregory Walth , Yi-Si Yang , Bin-Bin Zhang , Hai-Bin Zhao

Rotating Radio Transients (RRATs) are a new class of neutron stars discovered through the emission of radio bursts. Eleven sources are known up to now, but population studies predict these objects to be more numerous than the normal radio…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Nanda Rea

Fast X-ray transients (FXTs) have been detected for over a decade, yet their origins are still enigmatic. The observed association between FXTs and broad-lined Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic-BL) suggests that some may share the same progenitor…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-26 Jian-He Zheng , Wenbin Lu

Fast X-ray Transients (FXTs) are X-ray flares with a duration ranging from a few hundred seconds to a few hours. Possible origins include the tidal disruption of a white dwarf by an intermediate-mass black hole, a supernova shock breakout,…

We performed a search for fast X-ray transients (FXTs), with durations longer than one second and less than one day, through data of the Wide Field Camera (WFC) instrument onboard the BeppoSAX X-ray observatory collected between June 1996…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-05 J. J. M. in 't Zand , C. Guidorzi , J. Heise , L. Amati , E. Kuulkers , F. Frontera , G. Gianfagna , L. Piro

Gamma-ray bursts are promising tools for tracing the formation of high redshift stars, including the first generation. At very high redshifts the reverse shock emission lasts longer in the observer frame, and its importance for detection…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 L. J. Gou , P. Meszaros , T. Abel , B. Zhang

We present the first systematic study of X-ray flare candidates in short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) exploiting the large 6-year Swift database with the aim to constrain the physical nature of such fluctuations. We find that flare candidates…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-28 R. Margutti , G. Chincarini , J. Granot , C. Guidorzi , E. Berger , M. G. Bernardini , N. Gehrels , A. M. Soderberg , M. Stamatikos , E. Zaninoni

The Einstein Probe (EP) satellite, dedicated at time-domain high-energy astrophysics and multi-messenger astronomy, was recently launched and successfully put into operation. The wide-field X-ray telescope (WXT, 0.5-4 keV) onboard has…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-22 Hao-Xuan Gao , Jin-Jun Geng , Yi-Fang Liang , Hui Sun , Fan Xu , Xue-Feng Wu , Yong-Feng Huang , Zi-Gao Dai , Wei-Min Yuan

Short Gamma-Ray Bursts(SGRBs) are widely believed to be from mergers of binary compact objects involving at least one neutron star and hence have a broad range of spatial offsets from their host galaxies. In this work we search for possible…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-02 Shuai Zhang , Zhi-Ping Jin , Fu-Wen Zhang , Xiang Li , Yi-Zhong Fan , Da-Ming Wei

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extragalactic transients with typical durations of milliseconds. FRBs have been shown, however, to fluctuate on a wide range of timescales: some show sub-microsecond sub-bursts while others last up to a few…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-08 M. P. Snelders , K. Nimmo , J. W. T. Hessels , Z. Bensellam , L. P. Zwaan , P. Chawla , O. S. Ould-Boukattine , F. Kirsten , J. T. Faber , V. Gajjar

Gamma Ray Bursts are detectable in the gamma-ray band if their jets are oriented towards the observer. However, for each GRB with a typical theta_jet, there should be ~2/theta_jet^2 bursts whose emission cone is oriented elsewhere in space.…

Massive stars end their lives as core-collapse supernovae, amongst which some extremes are broad-lined type Ic supernovae from Wolf-Rayet stars associated with long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) having powerful relativistic jets. Their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-15 H. Sun , W. -X. Li , L. -D. Liu , H. Gao , X. -F. Wang , W. Yuan , B. Zhang , A. V. Filippenko , D. Xu , T. An , S. Ai , T. G. Brink , Y. Liu , Y. -Q. Liu , C. -Y. Wang , Q. -Y. Wu , X. -F. Wu , Y. Yang , B. -B. Zhang , W. -K. Zheng , T. Ahumada , Z. -G. Dai , J. Delaunay , N. Elias-Rosa , S. Benetti , S. -Y. Fu , D. A. Howell , Y. -F. Huang , M. M. Kasliwal , V. Karambelkar , R. Stein , W. -H. Lei , T. -Y. Lian , Z. -K. Peng , D. D. Frederiks , A. V. Ridnaia , D. S. Svinkin , X. -Y. Wang , A. -L. Wang , D. -M. Wei , J. An , M. Andrews , J. -M Bai , C. -Y. Dai , S. A. Ehgamberdiev , Z. Fan , J. Farah , H. -C. Feng , J. P. U. Fynbo , W. -J. Guo , Z. Guo , M. -K. Hu , J. -W. Hu , S. -Q. Jiang , J. -J. Jin , A. Li , J. -D. Li , R. -Z. Li , Y. -F. Liang , Z. -X. Ling , X. Liu , J. -R. Mao , C. McCully , D. Mirzaqulov , M. Newsome , E. Padilla Gonzalez , X. Pan , G. Terreran , S. Tinyanont , B. -T. Wang , L. -Z. Wang , X. -D. Wen , D. -F. Xiang , S. -J. Xue , J. Yang , Z. -P. Zhu , Z. -M. Cai , A. J. Castro-Tirado , F. -S. Chen , H. -L. Chen , T. -X. Chen , W. Chen , Y. -H. Chen , Y. -F. Chen , Y. Chen , H. -Q. Cheng , B. Cordier , C. -Z. Cui , W. -W. Cui , Y. -F. Dai , D. -W. Fan , H. Feng , J. Guan , D. -W. Han , D. -J. Hou , H. -B. Hu , M. -H. Huang , J. Huo , S. -M. Jia , Z. -Q. Jia , B. -W. Jiang , C. -C. Jin , G. Jin , E. Kuulkers , C. -K. Li , D. -Y. Li , J. -F. Li , L. -H. Li , M. -S. Li , W. Li , Z. -D. Li , C. -Z Liu , H. -Y. Liu , H. -Q. Liu , M. -J. Liu , F. -J. Lu , L. -D. Luo , J. Ma , X. Mao , K. Nandra , P. O'Brien , H. -W. Pan , A. Rau , N. Rea , J. Sanders , L. -M. Song , S. -L. Sun , X. -J. Sun , Y. -Y. Tan , Q. -J. Tang , Y. -H. Tao , H. Wang , J. Wang , L. Wang , W. -X. Wang , Y. -L. Wang , Y. -S. Wang , D. -R. Xiong , H. -T. Xu , J. -J. Xu , X. -P. Xu , Y. -F. Xu , Z. Xu , C. -B. Xue , Y. -L. Xue , A. -L. Yan , H. -N. Yang , X. -T. Yang , Y. -J. Yang , C. Zhang , J. Zhang , M. Zhang , S. -N. Zhang , W. -D. Zhang , W. -J. Zhang , Y. -H. Zhang , Z. Zhang , Z. Zhang , Z. -L. Zhang , D. -H. Zhao , H. -S. Zhao , X. -F. Zhao , Z. -J. Zhao , Y. -L. Zhou , Y. -X. Zhu , Z. -C. Zhu , H. Zou