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The traditional Domain Name System (DNS) lacks fundamental features of security and privacy in its design. As concerns of privacy increased on the Internet, security and privacy enhancements of DNS have been actively investigated and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Jun Kurihara , Takeshi Kubo

Parallelization is featured by DNS recursive servers to do time-consuming recursions on behalf on clients. As common DNS configurations, recursive servers should allow a reasonable timeout for each recursion which may take as long as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-15 Zheng Wang

As Internet users have become more savvy about the potential for their Internet communication to be observed, the use of network traffic encryption technologies (e.g., HTTPS/TLS) is on the rise. However, even when encryption is enabled,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Nguyen Phong Hoang , Arian Akhavan Niaki , Nikita Borisov , Phillipa Gill , Michalis Polychronakis

When collecting information, local differential privacy (LDP) alleviates privacy concerns of users because their private information is randomized before being sent it to the central aggregator. LDP imposes large amount of noise as each…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Tianhao Wang , Bolin Ding , Min Xu , Zhicong Huang , Cheng Hong , Jingren Zhou , Ninghui Li , Somesh Jha

Although the Domain Name System (DNS) was designed as a naming system, its features have made it appealing to repurpose it for the deployment of novel systems. One important class of such systems are security enhancements, and this work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-20 Pawel Szalachowski , Adrian Perrig

A significant amount of connection establishments on the web require a prior domain name resolution by the client. Especially on high-latency access networks, these DNS lookups cause a significant delay on the client's connection…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Erik Sy , Tobias Mueller , Moritz Moennich , Hannes Federrath

The Domain Name System (DNS) is involved in practically all web activity, translating easy-to-remember domain names into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. Due to its central role on the Internet, DNS exposes user web activity in detail. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Philip Sjösvärd , Hongyu Jin , Panos Papadimitratos

This paper exposes a new vulnerability and introduces a corresponding attack, the NoneXistent Name Server Attack (NXNSAttack), that disrupts and may paralyze the DNS system, making it difficult or impossible for Internet users to access…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Yehuda Afek , Anat Bremler-Barr , Lior Shafir

DNS is a vital component for almost every networked application. Originally it was designed as an unencrypted protocol, making user security a concern. DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) is the latest proposal to make name resolution more secure. In this…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Timm Boettger , Felix Cuadrado , Gianni Antichi , Eder Leao Fernandes , Gareth Tyson , Ignacio Castro , Steve Uhlig

DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH) encrypt DNS to guard user privacy by hiding DNS resolutions from passive adversaries. Yet, past attacks have shown that encrypted DNS is still sensitive to traffic analysis. As a consequence, RFC…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Jonas Bushart , Christian Rossow

The Domain Name System (DNS) is the foundation of a human-usable Internet, responding to client queries for host-names with corresponding IP addresses and records. Traditional DNS is also unencrypted, and leaks user information to network…

Since its introduction in 1987, the DNS has become one of the core components of the Internet. While it was designed to work with both TCP and UDP, DNS-over-UDP (DoUDP) has become the default option due to its low overhead. As new Resource…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Pratyush Dikshit , Mike Kosek , Nils Faulhaber , Jayasree Sengupta , Vaibhav Bajpai

A relatively simple safety-belt mechanism for improving DNS system availability and efficiency is proposed here. While it may seem ambitious, a careful examination shows it is both feasible and beneficial for the DNS system. The mechanism…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yehuda Afek , Ariel Litmanovich

The Domain Name System (DNS) does not provide query privacy. Query obfuscation schemes have been proposed to overcome this limitation, but, so far, they have not been evaluated in a realistic setting. In this paper we evaluate the security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-23 Dominik Herrmann , Max Maaß , Hannes Federrath

Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks exhaust resources, leaving a server unavailable to legitimate clients. The Domain Name System (DNS) is a frequent target of DDoS attacks. Since DNS is a critical infrastructure service,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-16 A S M Rizvi , Jelena Mirkovic , John Heidemann , Wesley Hardaker , Robert Story

The DNS (Domain Name System) protocol has been in use since the early days of the Internet. Although DNS as a de facto networking protocol had no security considerations in its early years, there have been many security enhancements, such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Abdullah Aydeger , Sanzida Hoque , Engin Zeydan , Kapal Dev

The Domain Name System (DNS), which converts domain names to their respective IP addresses, has advanced enhancements aimed at safeguarding DNS data and users' identity from attackers. The recent privacy-focused advancements have enabled…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Aditya Kulkarni , Tamal Das , Vivek Balachandran

Smart DNS (SDNS) services advertise access to "geofenced" content (typically, video streaming sites such as Netflix or Hulu) that is normally inaccessible unless the client is within a prescribed geographic region. SDNS is simple to use and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Rahel A. Fainchtein , Adam J. Aviv , Micah Sherr , Stephen Ribaudo , Armaan Khullar

Security and privacy of the Internet Domain Name System (DNS) have been longstanding concerns. Recently, there is a trend to protect DNS traffic using Transport Layer Security (TLS). However, at least two major issues remain: (1) how do…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Yoshimichi Nakatsuka , Andrew Paverd , Gene Tsudik

The DNS is a key component of the Internet. Originally designed to facilitate the resolution of host names to IP addresses, its scope has continuously expanded over the years, today covering use cases such as load balancing or service…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Mathis Engelbart , Mike Kosek , Lars Eggert , Jörg Ott