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Deep learning (DL) has successfully automated dose distribution prediction in radiotherapy planning, enhancing both efficiency and quality. However, existing methods suffer from the over-smoothing problem for their commonly used L1 or L2…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Zhenghao Feng , Lu Wen , Jianghong Xiao , Yuanyuan Xu , Xi Wu , Jiliu Zhou , Xingchen Peng , Yan Wang

With the advancement of treatment modalities in radiation therapy for cancer patients, outcomes have improved, but at the cost of increased treatment plan complexity and planning time. The accurate prediction of dose distributions would…

Medical Physics · Physics 2018-12-03 Dan Nguyen , Troy Long , Xun Jia , Weiguo Lu , Xuejun Gu , Zohaib Iqbal , Steve Jiang

We propose to develop deep learning models that can predict Pareto optimal dose distributions by using any given set of beam angles, along with patient anatomy, as input to train the deep neural networks. We implement and compare two deep…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-01-27 Gyanendra Bohara , Azar Sadeghnejad Barkousaraie , Steve Jiang , Dan Nguyen

Deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis has achieved unprecedented performance in breast cancer detection. However, most approaches are computationally intensive, which impedes their broader dissemination in real-world applications. In…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-14 Jiaqiao Shi , Aleksandar Vakanski , Min Xian , Jianrui Ding , Chunping Ning

Radiotherapy (RT) is a critical cancer treatment, with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) being a commonly used technique that enhances dose conformity by dynamically adjusting multileaf collimator (MLC) positions and monitor units…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Stefanos Achlatis , Efstratios Gavves , Jan-Jakob Sonke

Prostate radiotherapy is a well established curative oncology modality, which in future will use Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-based radiotherapy for daily adaptive radiotherapy target definition. However the time needed to delineate the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-17 David Gillespie , Connah Kendrick , Ian Boon , Cheng Boon , Tim Rattay , Moi Hoon Yap

This work aims to study the generalizability of a pre-developed deep learning (DL) dose prediction model for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for prostate cancer and to adapt the model to three different internal treatment planning…

Monte Carlo (MC) simulations provide gold-standard accuracy for carbon ion therapy dose calculations but are computationally intensive. Analytical pencil beam algorithms offer speed but reduced accuracy in heterogeneous tissues. We…

Low-dose CT denoising is a challenging task that has been studied by many researchers. Some studies have used deep neural networks to improve the quality of low-dose CT images and achieved fruitful results. In this paper, we propose a deep…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-28 Maryam Gholizadeh-Ansari , Javad Alirezaie , Paul Babyn

Radiation therapy is crucial in cancer treatment. Experienced experts typically iteratively generate high-quality dose distribution maps, forming the basis for excellent radiation therapy plans. Therefore, automated prediction of dose…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-23 Linjie Fu , Xia Li , Xiuding Cai , Yingkai Wang , Xueyao Wang , Yali Shen , Yu Yao

This article examines the critical role of fast Monte Carlo dose calculations in advancing proton therapy techniques, particularly in the context of increasing treatment customization and precision. As adaptive radiotherapy and other…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-04-24 Jason Holmes , Hongying Feng , Lian Zhang , Michael Fix , Steve B. Jiang , Wei Liu

X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is an important tool in medical imaging to obtain a direct visualization of patient anatomy. However, the x-ray radiation exposure leads to the concern of lifetime cancer risk. Low-dose CT scan can reduce the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2018-10-30 Guoyang Ma , Chenyang Shen , Xun Jia

The study explores Artificial Intelligence (AI) powered modeling to predict the evolution of cancer tumor cells in mice under different forms of treatment. The AI models are analyzed against varying ambient and systemic parameters, e.g.…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-08-12 Amit K Chattopadhyay , Aimee Pascaline N Unkundiye , Gillian Pearce , Steven Russell

Estimating the uncertainty of deep learning models in a reliable and efficient way has remained an open problem, where many different solutions have been proposed in the literature. Most common methods are based on Bayesian approximations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Margerie Huet-Dastarac , Dan Nguyen , Steve Jiang , John Lee , Ana Barragan Montero

Background and Purpose: Convolutional neural network is widely used for image recognition in the medical area at nowadays. However, overall accuracy in predicting lung tumor is low and the processing time is high as the error occurred while…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-15 Bhoj Raj Pandit , Abeer Alsadoon , P. W. C. Prasad , Sarmad Al Aloussi , Tarik A. Rashid , Omar Hisham Alsadoon , Oday D. Jerew

In this study we performed a feasibility investigation on implementing a fast and accurate dose calculation based on a deep learning technique. A two dimensional (2D) fluence map was first converted into a three dimensional (3D) volume…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 Jiawei Fan , Lei Xing , Peng Dong , Jiazhou Wang , Weigang Hu , Yong Yang

Accurate proton dose calculation using Monte Carlo (MC) is computationally demanding in workflows like robust optimisation, adaptive replanning, and probabilistic inference, which require repeated evaluations. To address this, we develop a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-24 Aaron Pim , Tristan Pryer

Purpose: Accurate dose calculation is essential in radiotherapy for precise tumor irradiation while sparing healthy tissue. With the growing adoption of MRI-guided and real-time adaptive radiotherapy, fast and accurate dose calculation on…

Background: Dose calculation and optimization algorithms in proton therapy treatment planning often have high computational requirements regarding time and memory. This can hinder the implementation of efficient workflows in clinics and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-04-18 D. Pross , S. Wuyckens , S. Deffet , E. Sterpin , J. A. Lee , K. Souris

Purpose: This study aimed to use deep learning-based dose prediction to assess head and neck (HN) plan quality and identify suboptimal plans. Methods: A total of 245 VMAT HN plans were created using RapidPlan knowledge-based planning (KBP).…