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Related papers: Detecting semantic anomalies

200 papers

Out-of-distribution detection (OOD) deals with anomalous input to neural networks. In the past, specialized methods have been proposed to reject predictions on anomalous input. Similarly, it was shown that feature extraction models in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Jan Diers , Christian Pigorsch

The primary goal of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection tasks is to identify inputs with semantic shifts, i.e., if samples from novel classes are absent in the in-distribution (ID) dataset used for training, we should reject these OOD…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Xingming Long , Jie Zhang , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

The task of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is notoriously ill-defined. Earlier works focused on new-class detection, aiming to identify label-altering data distribution shifts, also known as "semantic shift." However, recent works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 William Yang , Byron Zhang , Olga Russakovsky

Most classification and segmentation datasets assume a closed-world scenario in which predictions are expressed as distribution over a predetermined set of visual classes. However, such assumption implies unavoidable and often unnoticeable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Petra Bevandić , Ivan Krešo , Marin Oršić , Siniša Šegvić

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for ensuring reliable deployment of machine learning models. Recent advancements focus on utilizing easily accessible auxiliary outliers (e.g., data from the web or other datasets) in training.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Haiyun Yao , Zongbo Han , Huazhu Fu , Xi Peng , Qinghua Hu , Changqing Zhang

The detection of out of distribution samples for image classification has been widely researched. Safety critical applications, such as autonomous driving, would benefit from the ability to localise the unusual objects causing the image to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Matt Angus , Krzysztof Czarnecki , Rick Salay

Supervised learning aims to train a classifier under the assumption that training and test data are from the same distribution. To ease the above assumption, researchers have studied a more realistic setting: out-of-distribution (OOD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Zhen Fang , Yixuan Li , Jie Lu , Jiahua Dong , Bo Han , Feng Liu

Despite machine learning models' success in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, predictions from these models frequently fail on out-of-distribution (OOD) samples. Prior works have focused on developing state-of-the-art methods for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Dyah Adila , Dongyeop Kang

Out-of-distribution detection (OOD) is a pivotal task for real-world applications that trains models to identify samples that are distributionally different from the in-distribution (ID) data during testing. Recent advances in AI,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Chaohua Li , Enhao Zhang , Chuanxing Geng , Songcan Chen

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data is critical for machine learning, be it for safety reasons or to enable open-ended learning. However, beyond mere detection, choosing an appropriate course of action typically hinges on the type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Achref Jaziri , Martin Rogmann , Martin Mundt , Visvanathan Ramesh

Out-of-distribution (OOD) testing is increasingly popular for evaluating a machine learning system's ability to generalize beyond the biases of a training set. OOD benchmarks are designed to present a different joint distribution of data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Damien Teney , Kushal Kafle , Robik Shrestha , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Christopher Kanan , Anton van den Hengel

Most existing out-of-distribution (OOD) detection benchmarks classify samples with novel labels as the OOD data. However, some marginal OOD samples actually have close semantic contents to the in-distribution (ID) sample, which makes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Xingming Long , Jie Zhang , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Applying machine learning to increasingly high-dimensional problems with sparse or biased training data increases the risk that a model is used on inputs outside its training domain. For such out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs, the model can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Juniper Tyree , Andreas Rupp , Petri S. Clusius , Michael H. Boy

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection represents a critical challenge in remote sensing applications, where reliable identification of novel or anomalous patterns is essential for autonomous monitoring, disaster response, and environmental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Chenhao Wang , Yingrui Ji , Yu Meng , Yunjian Zhang , Yao Zhu

Machine learning models often encounter samples that are diverged from the training distribution. Failure to recognize an out-of-distribution (OOD) sample, and consequently assign that sample to an in-class label significantly compromises…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Mohammadreza Salehi , Hossein Mirzaei , Dan Hendrycks , Yixuan Li , Mohammad Hossein Rohban , Mohammad Sabokrou

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is committed to delineating the classification boundaries between in-distribution (ID) and OOD images. Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable OOD detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Zhixia He , Chen Zhao , Minglai Shao , Xintao Wu , Xujiang Zhao , Dong Li , Qin Tian , Linlin Yu

We reconsider the evaluation of OOD detection methods for image recognition. Although many studies have been conducted so far to build better OOD detection methods, most of them follow Hendrycks and Gimpel's work for the method of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Engkarat Techapanurak , Takayuki Okatani

It is crucial to detect when an instance lies downright too far from the training samples for the machine learning model to be trusted, a challenge known as out-of-distribution (OOD) detection. For neural networks, one approach to this task…

With recent advancements in artificial intelligence, its applications can be seen in every aspect of humans' daily life. From voice assistants to mobile healthcare and autonomous driving, we rely on the performance of AI methods for many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Navid Ghassemi , Ehsan Fazl-Ersi

Recent object detectors have achieved impressive accuracy in identifying objects seen during training. However, real-world deployment often introduces novel and unexpected objects, referred to as out-of-distribution (OOD) objects, posing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Quang-Huy Nguyen , Jin Peng Zhou , Zhenzhen Liu , Khanh-Huyen Bui , Kilian Q. Weinberger , Wei-Lun Chao , Dung D. Le