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We investigate the formation of stars within giant molecular clouds (GMCs) evolving in environments of different global magnetic field strength and large-scale dynamics. Building upon a series of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-03-25 Benjamin Wu , Jonathan C. Tan , Duncan Christie , Fumitaka Nakamura

It has been known for more than 30 years that star formation in giant molecular clouds (GMCs) is slow, in the sense that only ~1% of the gas forms stars every free-fall time. This result is entirely independent of any particular model of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Mark R. Krumholz , Jonathan C. Tan

We test some ideas for star formation relations against data on local molecular clouds. On a cloud by cloud basis, the relation between the surface density of star formation rate and surface density of gas divided by a free-fall time,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Neal J. Evans , Amanda Heiderman , Nalin Vutisalchavakul

We summarize recent numerical results on the control of the star formation efficiency (SFE), addressing the effects of turbulence and the magnetic field strength. In closed-box numerical simulations, the effect of the turbulent Mach number…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Enrique Vazquez-Semadeni

We investigate the environmental dependence of galaxies with star formation from a volume-limited sample of 4782 nearby field galaxy spectra extracted from the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey final data release. The environment is characterized…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Abilio Mateus , Laerte Sodre

Star clusters are known to be formed in turbulent molecular clouds. How turbulence is driven in molecular clouds and what effect this has on star formation is still unclear. We compare a simulation setup with turbulent driving everywhere in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-28 Jamie D. Smith , James E. Dale , Sarah E. Jaffa , Martin G. H. Krause

We introduce a model for the large-scale, global 3D structure of molecular clouds. Motivated by the morphological appearance of clouds in surface density maps, we model clouds as cylinders, with the aim of backing out information about the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-09-12 Nia Imara , John C. Forbes

The observed star formation rate of the Milky Way can be explained by applying a metallicity-dependent factor to convert CO luminosity to molecular gas mass and a star formation efficiency per free-fall time that depends on the virial…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-04-27 Neal J. Evans , Jeong-Gyu Kim , Eve C. Ostriker

The observed properties of galaxies are strongly dependent on both their total stellar mass and their morphology. Furthermore, the environment is known to play a strong role in shaping them. The galaxy population in the local universe that…

We present the results of a numerical simulation in which star formation proceeds from an initially unbound molecular cloud core. The turbulent motions, which dominate the dynamics, dissipate in shocks leaving a quiescent region which…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Paul C. Clark , Ian A. Bonnell

Energetic feedback from star clusters plays a pivotal role in shaping the dynamical evolution of giant molecular clouds (GMCs). To study the effects of stellar feedback on the star formation efficiency of the clouds and the dynamical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-05-29 Hui Li , Mark Vogelsberger , Federico Marinacci , Oleg Y. Gnedin

Radiation feedback from stellar clusters is expected to play a key role in setting the rate and efficiency of star formation in giant molecular clouds (GMCs). To investigate how radiation forces influence realistic turbulent systems, we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-05 Sudhir Raskutti , Eve C. Ostriker , M. Aaron Skinner

We present a steady-state analytical model for pressure-regulated formation of molecular clouds (MC) and stars (SF) in gaseous galactic disks and apply it to the Milky Way (MW). MC formation depends on midplane interstellar pressure…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-06 José Franco , Aldo Rodríguez-Puebla , Javier Ballesteros-Paredes , Manuel Zamora-Avilez

Properties of candidate stars, forming out of molecular clouds, depend on the ambient conditions of the parent cloud. We present a series of 2D and 3D simulations of fragmentation of molecular clouds in starburst regions as well as clouds…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 S. Hocuk , M. Spaans

The Magellanic Clouds provide the only laboratory to study the effect of metallicity and galaxy mass on molecular gas and star formation at high (~20 pc) resolution. We use the dust emission from HERITAGE Herschel data to map the molecular…

We review the properties of turbulent molecular clouds (MCs), focusing on the physical processes that influence star formation (SF). MC formation appears to occur during large-scale compression of the diffuse ISM driven by supernovae,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Ballesteros-Paredes , R. S. Klessen , M. -M. Mac Low , E. Vazquez-Semadeni

We have investigated how the incidence of star-forming galaxies varies with the environment using a volume-limited sample of nearby galaxy spectra extracted from the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey. The environment is characterized by the local…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Laerte Sodre , Abilio Mateus

The inner few hundred parsecs of the Milky Way harbours gas densities, pressures, velocity dispersions, an interstellar radiation field and a cosmic ray ionisation rate orders of magnitude higher than the disc; akin to the environment found…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-06-21 A. T. Barnes , S. N. Longmore , C. Battersby , J. Bally , J. M. D. Kruijssen , J. D. Henshaw , D. L. Walker

In our grid of multiphase chemical evolution models (Moll\'a & D\'iaz, 2005), star formation in the disk occurs in two steps: first, molecular gas forms, and then stars are created by cloud-cloud collisions or interactions of massive stars…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-04-12 Mercedes Mollá , Ángeles I. Díaz , Yago Ascasibar , Brad K. Gibson