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The growing study of time series, especially those related to nonlinear systems, has challenged the methodologies to characterize and classify dynamical structures of a signal. Here we conceive a new diagnostic tool for time series based on…

A thermodynamic-like formalism is developed for superstatistical systems based on conditional entropies. This theory takes into account large-scale variations of intensive variables of systems in nonequilibrium stationary states. Ordinary…

The time-dependence of the quantum entropy for a two-level atom interacting with a single-cavity mode is computed using the Jaynes-Cummings model, when the initial state of the radiation field is prepared in a thermal state with temperature…

A possible mechanism of time is formulated by developing an idea of time replaced by quantum correlations, with the aid of modern quantum information theory. We invent a microscopic model, where correlations of a closed system are steadily…

Confidence intervals are central to statistical inference as a tool to evaluate the type I error risk at a given significance level. We devise a method to construct confidence intervals using a single run of a permutation test. This…

'Relativistic thermodynamics' should be understood not as a generalization of a non-relativistic theory but as an application of a general thermodynamic framework, neutral as to spacetime setting and allowing arbitrary conserved quantities,…

Entropy in thermodynamics is an extensive quantity, whereas standard methods in statistical mechanics give rise to a non-extensive expression for the entropy. This discrepancy is often seen as a sign that basic formulas of statistical…

A new formalism will be presented in order to study real time evolution of quantum systems at finite temperature. Probability distributions for time-correlated observables will be studied non-perturbatively and fully quantized. This works…

What does it mean for one quantum process to be more disordered than another? Here we provide a precise answer to this question in terms of a quantum-mechanical generalization of majorization. The framework admits a complete description in…

The frequent misunderstanding of information entropy is pointed out. It is shown that, contrary to fortuitous situations and common beliefs, there is no general interrelation between the information entropy and the thermodynamical entropy.…

Providing students of introductory thermal physics with a plot of the heat capacities of many low density gases as a function of temperature allows them to look for systematic trends. Specifically, large amounts of heat capacity data allow…

A recently proposed history formalism is used to define temporal entanglement in quantum systems, and compute its entropy. The procedure is based on the time-reduction of the history density operator, and allows a symmetrical treatment of…

The so-called Froehlich entropy is the entropy variation of a material under the application of an electric field. This quantity can be calculated, under suitable hypotheses, directly from the measured real part of the dielectric function.…

We develop a highly efficient framework for computing the thermal entropy in the doped Fermi-Hubbard model within the grand-canonical ensemble. The framework comprises four calculation schemes that express the entropy as path integrals in…

Many complex systems can be modeled by temporal networks, whose organization often evolves through distinct structural phases. Detecting the change points that delimit these phases is both important and challenging. In this work, we extend…

This thesis applies entropy as a model independent measure to address three research questions concerning financial time series. In the first study we apply transfer entropy to drawdowns and drawups in foreign exchange rates, to study their…

Thermodynamic entropy is determined by a heat measurement through the Clausius equality. The entropy then formalizes a fundamental limitation of operations by the second law of thermodynamics. The entropy is also expressed as the Shannon…

We develop the laws of thermodynamics in terms of general exponential families. By casting learning (log-loss minimization) problems in max-entropy and statistical mechanics terms, we translate thermodynamics results to learning scenarios.…

This paper presents a statistical analysis of structural changes in the Central England temperature series, one of the longest surface temperature records available. A changepoint analysis is performed to detect abrupt changes, which can be…

Temperature estimation plays a vital role across natural sciences. A standard approach is provided by probe thermometry, where a probe is brought into contact with the sample and examined after a certain amount of time has passed. In many…