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We consider the problem of covering $\mathbb{Z}^2$ with a finite number of sublattices of finite index, satisfying a simple minimality or non-degeneracy condition. We show how this problem may be viewed as a projective (or homogeneous)…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-15 J. E. Cremona , P. Koymans

We introduce a generalization of the well known graph (vertex) coloring problem, which we call the problem of \emph{component coloring of graphs}. Given a graph, the problem is to color the vertices using minimum number of colors so that…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-11-06 Ajit Diwan , Soumitra Pal , Abhiram Ranade

Planes are familiar mathematical objects which lie at the subtle boundary between continuous geometry and discrete combinatorics. A plane is geometrical, certainly, but the ways that two planes can interact break cleanly into discrete sets:…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-04-17 Stefan Forcey

This paper begins by exploring some old and new results about Ramsey numbers and minimum numbers of monochromatic triangles in $2$-colorings of complete graphs, both in the disjoint and non-disjoint cases. We then extend the theory, by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-29 Jamie Bishop , Rebekah Kuss , Benjamin Peet

Let $G$ be a graph such that each vertex has its list of available colors, and assume that each list is a subset of the common set consisting of $k$ colors. For two given list colorings of $G$, we study the problem of transforming one into…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-23 Tatsuhiko Hatanaka , Takehiro Ito , Xiao Zhou

We develop a model for an anti-plane crack defect posed on a square lattice under an interatomic pair-potential with nearest-neighbour interactions. In particular, we establish existence, local uniqueness and stability of solutions for…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-11-07 Maciej Buze , Thomas Hudson , Christoph Ortner

We study range-searching for colored objects, where one has to count (approximately) the number of colors present in a query range. The problems studied mostly involve orthogonal range-searching in two and three dimensions, and the dual…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-03-22 Saladi Rahul

I explore the mathematical transformation that occurs in color coordinate space when physically mixing paints of two different colors. I tested 120 pairs of 16 paint colors and used a linear regression to find the most accurate combination…

Optics · Physics 2024-06-25 Alexander Messick

An exactly solvable model of a quantum spin interacting with a spin environment is considered. The interaction is chosen to be such that the state of the environment is conserved. The reduced density matrix of the spin is calculated for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dima Mozyrsky

The connection between matrix integrals and links is used to define matrix models which count alternating tangles in which each closed loop is weighted with a factor n, i.e. may be regarded as decorated with n possible colors. For n=2, the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Zinn-Justin , J. -B. Zuber

A famous result in arithmetic Ramsey theory says that for many linear homogeneous equations $E$ there is a threshold value $R_k(E)$ (the Rado number of $E$) such that for any $k$-coloring of the integers in the interval $[1,n]$, with $n \ge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-30 Jesús A. De Loera , Denae Ventura , Liuyue Wang , William J. Wesley

In this paper we have given a unified graph coloring algorithm for planar graphs. The problems that have been considered in this context respectively, are vertex, edge, total and entire colorings of the planar graphs. The main tool in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-11-27 I. Cahit

We derive sharp upper and lower bounds on the number of intersection points and closed regions that can occur in sets of line segments with certain structure, in terms of the number of segments. We consider sets of segments whose underlying…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-23 Boris Brimkov , Jesse Geneson , Alathea Jensen , Jordan Miller , Pouria Salehi Nowbandegani

We show that each set of $n\ge 2$ points in the plane in general position has a straight-line matching with at least $(5n+1)/27$ edges whose segments form a connected set, and such a matching can be computed in $O(n \log n)$ time. As an…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Oswin Aichholzer , Sergio Cabello , Viola Mészáros , Patrick Schnider , Jan Soukup

A well-studied coloring problem is to assign colors to the edges of a graph $G$ so that, for every pair of vertices, all edges of at least one shortest path between them receive different colors. The minimum number of colors necessary in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-01-17 L. Sunil Chandran , Anita Das , Davis Issac , Erik Jan van Leeuwen

A two-dimensional configuration is a coloring of the infinite grid Z^2 with finitely many colors. For a finite subset D of Z^2, the D-patterns of a configuration are the colored patterns of shape D that appear in the configuration. The…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Jarkko Kari

The reconfiguration graph $\mathcal{C}_k(G)$ for the $k$-colourings of a graph $G$ has a vertex for each proper $k$-colouring of $G$, and two vertices of $\mathcal{C}_k(G)$ are adjacent precisely when those $k$-colourings differ on a single…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-03 Stijn Cambie , Wouter Cames van Batenburg , Daniel W. Cranston

We introduce the fully-dynamic conflict-free coloring problem for a set $S$ of intervals in $\mathbb{R}^1$ with respect to points, where the goal is to maintain a conflict-free coloring for$S$ under insertions and deletions. A coloring is…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-01-16 Mark de Berg , Tim Leijsen , André van Renssen , Marcel Roeloffzen , Aleksandar Markovic , Gerhard Woeginger

We show that the lines of every arrangement of $n$ lines in the plane can be colored with $O(\sqrt{n/ \log n})$ colors such that no face of the arrangement is monochromatic. This improves a bound of Bose et al. \cite{BCC12} by a…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Eyal Ackerman , Rom Pinchasi

We prove that any finite set of half-planes can be colored by two colors so that every point of the plane, which belongs to at least three half-planes in the set, is covered by half-planes of both colors. This settles a problem of Keszegh.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-08-05 Radoslav Fulek