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The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has raised concerns regarding their potential misuse, particularly in generating fake news and misinformation. To address these risks, watermarking techniques for autoregressive language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Koichi Nagatsuka , Terufumi Morishita , Yasuhiro Sogawa

Recently, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been widely used to solve the illuminant estimation problem and have often led to state-of-the-art results. Standard approaches operate directly on the input image. In this paper, we argue…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-11 Firas Laakom , Jenni Raitoharju , Jarno Nikkanen , Alexandros Iosifidis , Moncef Gabbouj

We present a study to benchmark representative watermarking methods in cross-lingual settings. The current literature mainly focuses on the evaluation of watermarking methods for the English language. However, the literature for evaluating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Mansour Al Ghanim , Jiaqi Xue , Rochana Prih Hastuti , Mengxin Zheng , Yan Solihin , Qian Lou

In recent years as the internet age continues to grow, sharing images on social media has become a common occurrence. In certain cases, watermarks are used as protection for the ownership of the image, however, in more cases, one may wish…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Rongfeng Wei

Current image watermarking methods are vulnerable to advanced image editing techniques enabled by large-scale text-to-image models. These models can distort embedded watermarks during editing, posing significant challenges to copyright…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shilin Lu , Zihan Zhou , Jiayou Lu , Yuanzhi Zhu , Adams Wai-Kin Kong

Watermarking is an effective way to trace model-generated content. Current watermark methods cannot resist forgery attacks, such as a deceptive claim that the model-generated content is a response to a fabricated prompt. None of them can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Minhao Bai

The development of large language models (LLMs) has raised concerns about potential misuse. One practical solution is to embed a watermark in the text, allowing ownership verification through watermark extraction. Existing methods primarily…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yuhang Cai , Yaofei Wang , Donghui Hu , Chen Gu

Watermarking has emerged as a pivotal solution for content traceability and intellectual property protection in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs). However, vision-agnostic watermarks may introduce visually irrelevant tokens and disrupt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yue Li , Xin Yi , Dongsheng Shi , Yongyi Cui , Gerard de Melo , Linlin Wang

Diffusion models (DMs) have demonstrated advantageous potential on generative tasks. Widespread interest exists in incorporating DMs into downstream applications, such as producing or editing photorealistic images. However, practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yunqing Zhao , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Xiao Yang , Ngai-Man Cheung , Min Lin

Over the years, various algorithms were developed, attempting to imitate the Human Visual System (HVS), and evaluate the perceptual image quality. However, for certain image distortions, the functionality of the HVS continues to be an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-09 Shira Faigenbaum-Golovin , Or Shimshi

In this work, we aim to segment and detect water in videos. Water detection is beneficial for appllications such as video search, outdoor surveillance, and systems such as unmanned ground vehicles and unmanned aerial vehicles. The specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-11-04 Pascal Mettes , Robby T. Tan , Remco C. Veltkamp

Watermarking generative-AI systems, such as LLMs, has gained considerable interest, driven by their enhanced capabilities across a wide range of tasks. Although current approaches have demonstrated that small, context-dependent shifts in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Piotr Molenda , Adian Liusie , Mark J. F. Gales

Watermarking techniques offer a promising way to identify machine-generated content via embedding covert information into the contents generated from language models (LMs). However, the robustness of the watermarking schemes has not been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Ruibo Chen , Yihan Wu , Junfeng Guo , Heng Huang

We propose an end-to-end-trainable attention module for convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures built for image classification. The module takes as input the 2D feature vector maps which form the intermediate representations of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Saumya Jetley , Nicholas A. Lord , Namhoon Lee , Philip H. S. Torr

Weather Recognition plays an important role in our daily lives and many computer vision applications. However, recognizing the weather conditions from a single image remains challenging and has not been studied thoroughly. Generally, most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Bin Zhao , Xuelong Li , Xiaoqiang Lu , Zhigang Wang

Watermarking has become a practical tool for tracing language model outputs, but it modifies token probabilities at inference time, which were carefully tuned by alignment training. This creates a tension: how do watermark-induced shifts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Apurv Verma , NhatHai Phan , Shubhendu Trivedi

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has intensified concerns about content traceability and potential misuse. Existing watermarking schemes for sampled text often face trade-offs between maintaining text quality and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Shizhan Cai , Liang Ding , Dacheng Tao

The rapid development of LLMs has raised concerns about their potential misuse, leading to various watermarking schemes that typically offer high detectability. However, existing watermarking techniques often face trade-off between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Chenrui Wang , Junyi Shu , Billy Chiu , Yu Li , Saleh Alharbi , Min Zhang , Jing Li

Obstacle detection plays an important role in unmanned surface vehicles (USV). The USVs operate in highly diverse environments in which an obstacle may be a floating piece of wood, a scuba diver, a pier, or a part of a shoreline, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-03-09 Matej Kristan , Vildana Sulic , Stanislav Kovacic , Janez Pers

Current image watermarking technologies are predominantly categorized into text watermarking techniques and image steganography; however, few methods can simultaneously handle text and image-based watermark data, which limits their…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-06-03 ZhongLi Fang , Yu Xie , Ping Chen