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We extend the continuity-based framework to Regression Discontinuity Designs (RDDs) to identify and estimate causal effects under interference when units are connected through a network. Assignment to an "effective treatment," combining the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-20 Elena Dal Torrione , Tiziano Arduini , Laura Forastiere

The paper proposes a causal supervised machine learning algorithm to uncover treatment effect heterogeneity in sharp and fuzzy regression discontinuity (RD) designs. We develop a criterion for building an honest ``regression discontinuity…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-01 Ágoston Reguly

This paper addresses the problem of identifying and estimating the causal effect of a treatment in the presence of unmeasured confounding and various types of right-censoring. Examples of these censoring mechanisms are administrative…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-19 Ilias Willems , Sara Rutten , Gilles Crommen , Ingrid Van Keilegom

This note introduces a doubly robust (DR) estimator for regression discontinuity (RD) designs. RD designs provide a quasi-experimental framework for estimating treatment effects, where treatment assignment depends on whether a running…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-01-28 Masahiro Kato

We present a practical guide for the analysis of regression discontinuity (RD) designs in biomedical contexts. We begin by introducing key concepts, assumptions, and estimands within both the continuity-based framework and the local…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-17 Matias D. Cattaneo , Luke Keele , Rocio Titiunik

Regression discontinuity design (RDD) is a quasi-experimental approach to study the causal effects of an intervention/treatment on later health outcomes. It exploits a continuously measured assignment variable with a clearly defined cut-off…

Applications · Statistics 2024-06-28 Maja Popovic , Daniela Zugna , Lorenzo Richiardi

We propose a censored quantile regression estimator motivated by unbiased estimating equations. Under the usual conditional independence assumption of the survival time and the censoring time given the covariates, we show that the proposed…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-02-04 Chenlei Leng , Xingwei Tong

The causal effect of an intervention (treatment/exposure) on an outcome can be estimated by: i) specifying knowledge about the data-generating process; ii) assessing under what assumptions a target quantity, such as for example a causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-05 Michael Schomaker

This paper studies the case of possibly high-dimensional covariates in the regression discontinuity design (RDD) analysis. In particular, we propose estimation and inference methods for the RDD models with covariate selection which perform…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-21 Yoichi Arai , Taisuke Otsu , Myung Hwan Seo

Identification in a regression discontinuity (RD) research design hinges on the discontinuity in the probability of treatment when a covariate (assignment variable) exceeds a known threshold. When the assignment variable is measured with…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-07 Zhuan Pei , Yi Shen

Boundary Discontinuity (BD) designs are used in empirical research to learn about causal treatment effects along a continuous assignment boundary defined by a bivariate score. These designs are also known as multi-score regression…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-29 Matias D. Cattaneo , Rocio Titiunik , Ruiqi Rae Yu

We are interested in the estimation of average treatment effects based on right-censored data of an observational study. We focus on causal inference of differences between t-year absolute event risks in a situation with competing risks. We…

The regression discontinuity (RD) design is widely used for program evaluation with observational data. The primary focus of the existing literature has been the estimation of the local average treatment effect at the existing treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-05 Yi Zhang , Eli Ben-Michael , Kosuke Imai

We develop a unified approach for classification and regression support vector machines for data subject to right censoring. We provide finite sample bounds on the generalization error of the algorithm, prove risk consistency for a wide…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-01-15 Yair Goldberg , Michael R. Kosorok

We study regression discontinuity designs when covariates are included in the estimation. We examine local polynomial estimators that include discrete or continuous covariates in an additive separable way, but without imposing any…

Econometrics · Economics 2019-07-02 Sebastian Calonico , Matias D. Cattaneo , Max H. Farrell , Rocio Titiunik

We study regression discontinuity designs in which many predetermined covariates, possibly much more than the number of observations, can be used to increase the precision of treatment effect estimates. We consider a two-step estimator…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-05-06 Alexander Kreiß , Christoph Rothe

Forest-based methods have recently gained in popularity for non-parametric treatment effect estimation. Building on this line of work, we introduce causal survival forests, which can be used to estimate heterogeneous treatment effects in a…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-01 Yifan Cui , Michael R. Kosorok , Erik Sverdrup , Stefan Wager , Ruoqing Zhu

We study the econometric properties of so-called donut regression discontinuity (RD) designs, a robustness exercise which involves repeating estimation and inference without the data points in some area around the treatment threshold. This…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-08-29 Cladia Noack , Chistoph Rothe

This paper considers the problem of inferring the causal effect of a variable $Z$ on a dependently censored survival time $T$. We allow for unobserved confounding variables, such that the error term of the regression model for $T$ is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-02 Gilles Crommen , Jad Beyhum , Ingrid Van Keilegom

Estimating causal effects from observational data informs us about which factors are important in an autonomous system, and enables us to take better decisions. This is important because it has applications in selecting a treatment in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Plabon Shaha , Talha Islam Zadid , Ismat Rahman , Md. Mosaddek Khan