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With Von-Neumann computing architectures struggling to address computationally- and memory-intensive big data analytic task today, Processing-in-Memory (PIM) platforms are gaining growing interests. In this way, processing-in-DRAM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Shaahin Angizi , Deliang Fan

Today's systems are overwhelmingly designed to move data to computation. This design choice goes directly against at least three key trends in systems that cause performance, scalability and energy bottlenecks: (1) data access from memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Onur Mutlu , Saugata Ghose , Juan Gómez-Luna , Rachata Ausavarungnirun

The conventional von Neumann architecture has been revealed as a major performance and energy bottleneck for rising data-intensive applications. %, due to the intensive data movements. The decade-old idea of leveraging in-memory processing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Bing Li , Bonan Yan , Hai , Li

Recent studies from several hyperscalars pinpoint to embedding layers as the most memory-intensive deep learning (DL) algorithm being deployed in today's datacenters. This paper addresses the memory capacity and bandwidth challenges of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Youngeun Kwon , Yunjae Lee , Minsoo Rhu

Hybrid memory systems, comprised of emerging non-volatile memory (NVM) and DRAM, have been proposed to address the growing memory demand of applications. Emerging NVM technologies, such as phase-change memories (PCM), memristor, and 3D…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Fei Wen , Mian Qin , Paul V. Gratz , A. L. Narasimha Reddy

As data-intensive applications increasingly strain conventional computing systems, processing-in-memory (PIM) has emerged as a promising paradigm to alleviate the memory wall by minimizing data transfer between memory and processing units.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Thomas Neuner , Henriette Padberg , Lior Kornblum , Eilam Yalon , Pedram Khalili Amiri , Shahar Kvatinsky

As persistent memory (PM) technologies emerge, hybrid memory architectures combining DRAM with PM bring the potential to provide a tiered, byte-addressable main memory of unprecedented capacity. Nearly a decade after the first proposals for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Miguel Marques , Ilia Kuzmin , João Barreto , José Monteiro , Rodrigo Rodrigues

Emerging Non-Volatile Memories (NVMs) are promising contenders for building future memory systems. On the other side, unlike DRAM systems, NVMs can retain data even after power loss and thus enlarge the attack surface. While data encryption…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-24 Amro Awad , Laurent Njilla , Mao Ye

We can use a hybrid memory system consisting of DRAM and Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory (We call it DCPM in this paper) as DCPM is now commercially available since April 2019. Even if the latency for DCPM is several times higher than…

Performance · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Kazuichi Oe

Persistent Memory (PMEM), also known as Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), can deliver higher density and lower cost per bit when compared with DRAM. Its main drawback is that it is typically slower than DRAM. On the other hand, DRAM has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Diego Moura , Vinicius Petrucci , Daniel Mosse

The first contribution of this paper is the development of extremely dense, energy-efficient mixed-signal vector-by-matrix-multiplication (VMM) circuits based on the existing 3D-NAND flash memory blocks, without any need for their…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Mohammad Bavandpour , Shubham Sahay , Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi , Dmitri B. Strukov

Emerging high-performance storage technologies are opening up the possibility of designing new distributed data acquisition system architectures, in which the live acquisition of data and their processing are decoupled through a storage…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-11-04 Adam Abed Abud , Giovanna Lehmann , Roland Sipos

This paper discusses recent research that aims to enable computation close to data, an approach we broadly call processing-in-memory (PIM). PIM places computation mechanisms in or near where the data is stored (i.e., inside memory chips or…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Onur Mutlu , Saugata Ghose , Juan Gómez-Luna , Rachata Ausavarungnirun , Mohammad Sadrosadati , Geraldo F. Oliveira

Compute-in-memory (CIM) accelerators for spiking neural networks (SNNs) are promising solutions to enable $\mu$s-level inference latency and ultra-low energy in edge vision applications. Yet, their current lack of flexibility at both the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Nicolas Chauvaux , Adrian Kneip , Christoph Posch , Kofi Makinwa , Charlotte Frenkel

Vilamb provides efficient asynchronous systemredundancy for direct access (DAX) non-volatile memory (NVM) storage. Production storage deployments often use system-redundancy in form of page checksums and cross-page parity. State-of-the-art…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Rajat Kateja , Andy Pavlo , Gregory R. Ganger

The advent of non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies like PCM, STT, memristors and Fe-RAM is believed to enhance the system performance by getting rid of the traditional memory hierarchy by reducing the gap between memory and storage. This…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-12-15 Ajay Singh , Marc Shapiro , Gael Thomas

Digital MemComputing machines (DMMs), which employ nonlinear dynamical systems with memory (time non-locality), have proven to be a robust and scalable unconventional computing approach for solving a wide variety of combinatorial…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yuan-Hang Zhang , Massimiliano Di Ventra

This paper describes how 3D XPoint memory arrays can be used as in-memory computing accelerators. We first show that thresholded matrix-vector multiplication (TMVM), the fundamental computational kernel in many applications including…

To index the increasing volume of data, modern data indexes are typically stored on SSDs and cached in DRAM. However, searching such an index has resulted in significant I/O traffic due to limited access locality and inefficient cache…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Yun-Chih Chen , Yuan-Hao Chang , Tei-Wei Kuo

The storage industry is moving toward emerging non-volatile memories (NVMs), including the spin-transfer torque magnetoresistive random-access memory (STT-MRAM) and the phase-change memory (PCM), owing to their high density and low-power…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Nikhil Rangarajan , Satwik Patnaik , Johann Knechtel , Ozgur Sinanoglu , Shaloo Rakheja