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We present a detailed comparison of several integration schemes applied to the dynamic system consisting of a charged particle on the Kerr background endowed with the axisymmetric electromagnetic test field. In particular, we compare the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-02 Ondřej Kopáček , Vladimír Karas , Jiří Kovář , Zdeněk Stuchlík

We study how inexact nonlinear solvers lead to a loss of exact symplecticity in the Symplectic Euler (SE) and Stormer-Verlet (SV) schemes when applied to general nonseparable Hamiltonian systems. These schemes are implicit and require…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Matěj Gajdoš , Ondřej Brichta , Václav Kučera

By combining a standard symmetric, symplectic integrator with a new step size controller, we provide an integration scheme that is symmetric, reversible and conserves the values of the constants of motion. This new scheme is appropriate for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-12-07 Jonathan Seyrich , Georgios Lukes-Gerakopoulos

The evolution of any factorized time-reversible symplectic integrators, when applied to the harmonic oscillator, can be exactly solved in a closed form. The resulting modified Hamiltonians demonstrate the convergence of the Lie series…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Siu A. Chin , Sante R. Scuro

Symplectic integration algorithms are well-suited for long-term integrations of Hamiltonian systems because they preserve the geometric structure of the Hamiltonian flow. However, this desirable property is generally lost when adaptive…

Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-20 Miguel Preto , Scott Tremaine

Hamiltonian systems are differential equations which describe systems in classical mechanics, plasma physics, and sampling problems. They exhibit many structural properties, such as a lack of attractors and the presence of conservation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-14 Christian Offen , Sina Ober-Blöbaum

We present new splitting methods designed for the numerical integration of near-integrable Hamiltonian systems, and in particular for planetary N-body problems, when one is interested in very accurate results over a large time span. We…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-04-10 Sergio Blanes , Fernando Casas , Ariadna Farres , Jacques Laskar , Joseba Makazaga , Ander Murua

Hamilton's equations of motion form a fundamental framework in various branches of physics, including astronomy, quantum mechanics, particle physics, and climate science. Classical numerical solvers are typically employed to compute the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Priscilla Canizares , Davide Murari , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Ferdia Sherry , Zakhar Shumaylov

In this work we propose a new numerical approach to distinguish between regular and chaotic orbits in Hamiltonian systems, based on the simultaneous integration of both the orbit and the deviation vectors using a symplectic scheme, hereby…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2015-03-17 Anne-Sophie Libert , Charles Hubaux , Timoteo Carletti

Symplectic integration algorithms have become popular in recent years in long-term orbital integrations because these algorithms enforce certain conservation laws that are intrinsic to Hamiltonian systems. For problems with large variations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Man Hoi Lee , Martin J. Duncan , Harold F. Levison

We present new almost time-reversible integrators for solution of planetary systems consisting of "planets" and a dominant mass ("star"). The algorithms can be considered adaptive generalizations of the Wisdom--Holman method, in which all…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-09 David M. Hernandez , Walter Dehnen

We show that when time-reversible symplectic algorithms are used to solve periodic motions, the energy error after one period is generally two orders higher than that of the algorithm. By use of correctable algorithms, we show that the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. R. Scuro , S. A. Chin

We present a semi-analytical correction to the seminal solution for the secular motion of a planet's orbit under gravitational influence of an external perturber derived by Heppenheimer (1978). A comparison between analytical predictions…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-15 Eduardo Andrade-Ines , Siegfried Eggl

Symplectic integrators are the preferred method of solving conservative $N$-body problems in cosmological, stellar cluster, and planetary system simulations because of their superior error properties and ability to compute orbital…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-17 David M. Hernandez

We present a new symplectic integrator designed for collisional gravitational $N$-body problems which makes use of Kepler solvers. The integrator is also reversible and conserves 9 integrals of motion of the $N$-body problem to machine…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-03 David M. Hernandez , Edmund Bertschinger

We apply one of the exactly symplectic integrators, that we call HB15, of \cite{HB15}, along with the Kepler problem solver of \cite{WH15}, to solve planetary system $N$-body problems. We compare the method to Wisdom-Holman methods (WH) in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-03 David M. Hernandez

In recent decades, there have been many attempts to construct symplectic integrators with variable time steps, with rather disappointing results. In this paper we identify the causes for this lack of performance, and find that they fall…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 A S Richardson , J M Finn

Symplectic integration of autonomous Hamiltonian systems is a well-known field of study in geometric numerical integration, but for non-autonomous systems the situation is less clear, since symplectic structure requires an even number of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-09-18 Håkon Marthinsen , Brynjulf Owren

In previous papers, explicit symplectic integrators were designed for nonrotating black holes, such as a Schwarzschild black hole. However, they fail to work in the Kerr spacetime because not all variables can be separable, or not all…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-24 Xin Wu , Ying Wang , Wei Sun , Fuyao Liu

Leapfrog integration has been the method of choice in N-body simulations owing to its low computational cost for a symplectic integrator with second order accuracy. We introduce a new leapfrog integrator that allows for variable timesteps…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Thomas Quinn , Neal Katz , Joachim Stadel , George Lake