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We consider testing marginal independence versus conditional independence in a trivariate Gaussian setting. The two models are non-nested and their intersection is a union of two marginal independences. We consider two sequences of such…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-23 F. Richard Guo , Thomas S. Richardson

In this paper we proposed the alternative test to the two independent and normally distributed samples t test based on the cross variance concept. We present the simulation results of the power and the error rate of the special case of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-01-27 Rohmatul Fajriyah

In this paper, we are concerned with the independence test for $k$ high-dimensional sub-vectors of a normal vector, with fixed positive integer $k$. A natural high-dimensional extension of the classical sample correlation matrix, namely…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-21 Zhigang Bao , Jiang Hu , Guangming Pan , Wang Zhou

Particularly in genomics, but also in other fields, it has become commonplace to undertake highly multiple Student's $t$-tests based on relatively small sample sizes. The literature on this topic is continually expanding, but the main…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-10-11 Peter Hall , Qiying Wang

As a crucial problem in statistics is to decide whether additional variables are needed in a regression model. We propose a new multivariate test to investigate the conditional mean independence of Y given X conditioning on some known…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-18 Ze Jin , Xiaohan Yan , David S. Matteson

Independence testing plays a central role in statistical and causal inference from observational data. Standard independence tests assume that the data samples are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) but that assumption is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-04 Ragib Ahsan , Zahra Fatemi , David Arbour , Elena Zheleva

In this paper we present a method ofcomputing the posterior probability ofconditional independence of two or morecontinuous variables from data,examined at several resolutions. Ourapproach is motivated by theobservation that the appearance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-14 Dimitris Margaritis , Sebastian Thrun

Structural independence is the (conditional) independence that arises from the structure rather than the precise numerical values of a distribution. We develop this concept and relate it to $d$-separation and structural causal models.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Matthias Georg Mayer

We introduce a new test for conditional independence which is based on what we call the weighted generalised covariance measure (WGCM). It is an extension of the recently introduced generalised covariance measure (GCM). To test the null…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-17 Cyrill Scheidegger , Julia Hörrmann , Peter Bühlmann

Conditional-independence-based discovery uses statistical tests to identify a graphical model that represents the independence structure of variables in a dataset. These tests, however, can be unreliable, and algorithms are sensitive to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Philipp M. Faller , Dominik Janzing

Simple correlation coefficients between two variables have been generalized to measure association between two matrices in many ways. Coefficients such as the RV coefficient, the distance covariance (dCov) coefficient and kernel based…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-08-19 Julie Josse , Susan Holmes

One of the most popular class of tests for independence between two random variables is the general class of rank statistics which are invariant under permutations. This class contains Spearman's coefficient of rank correlation statistic,…

Computation · Statistics 2009-02-04 Ehab F. Abd-Elfattah

Given well-shuffled data, can we determine whether the data items are statistically (in)dependent? Formally, we consider the problem of testing whether a set of exchangeable random variables are independent. We will show that this is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Marcus Hutter

In this paper, a novel test for testing whether data are Missing Completely at Random is proposed. Asymptotic properties of the test are derived utilizing the theory of non-degenerate U-statistics. It is shown that the novel test statistic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-31 Danijel Aleksić

We describe a novel non-parametric statistical hypothesis test of relative dependence between a source variable and two candidate target variables. Such a test enables us to determine whether one source variable is significantly more…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-05-28 Wacha Bounliphone , Arthur Gretton , Arthur Tenenhaus , Matthew Blaschko

We study the problem of independence testing given independent and identically distributed pairs taking values in a $\sigma$-finite, separable measure space. Defining a natural measure of dependence $D(f)$ as the squared $L^2$-distance…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-09 Thomas B. Berrett , Ioannis Kontoyiannis , Richard J. Samworth

Testing mutual independence for high-dimensional observations is a fundamental statistical challenge. Popular tests based on linear and simple rank correlations are known to be incapable of detecting non-linear, non-monotone relationships,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-06 Mathias Drton , Fang Han , Hongjian Shi

Testing two potentially multivariate variables for statistical dependence on the basis finite samples is a fundamental statistical challenge. Here we explore a family of tests that adapt to the complexity of the relationship between the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-23 Baihan Lin , Nikolaus Kriegeskorte

The model-X conditional randomization test is a generic framework for conditional independence testing, unlocking new possibilities to discover features that are conditionally associated with a response of interest while controlling type-I…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Shalev Shaer , Yaniv Romano

We propose a new method to test conditional independence of two real random variables $Y$ and $Z$ conditionally on an arbitrary third random variable $X$. %with $F_{.|.}$ representing conditional distribution functions, The partial copula…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-01-25 Wicher Bergsma