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Many marketing applications, including credit card incentive programs, offer rewards to customers who exceed specific spending thresholds to encourage increased consumption. Quantifying the causal effect of these thresholds on customers is…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-19 Kohsuke Kubota , Shonosuke Sugasawa

Sponsored search is an indispensable business model and a major revenue contributor of almost all the search engines. From the advertisers' side, participating in ranking the search results by paying for the sponsored search advertisement…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Li He , Liang Wang , Kaipeng Liu , Bo Wu , Weinan Zhang

Empowered by expressive function approximators such as neural networks, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) achieves tremendous empirical successes. However, learning expressive function approximators requires collecting a large dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Lingxiao Wang , Zhuoran Yang , Zhaoran Wang

Designing randomized online algorithms that perform reliably not only in expectation but also under unfavorable realizations of randomness is a fundamental challenge in online decision-making. In this paper, we study this challenge in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Hossein Nekouyan , Bo Sun , Raouf Boutaba , Xiaoqi Tan

In settings where Machine Learning (ML) algorithms automate or inform consequential decisions about people, individual decision subjects are often incentivized to strategically modify their observable attributes to receive more favorable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Keegan Harris , Daniel Ngo , Logan Stapleton , Hoda Heidari , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Regression discontinuity designs are frequently used to estimate the causal effect of election outcomes and policy interventions. In these contexts, treatment effects are typically estimated with covariates included to improve efficiency.…

Applications · Statistics 2020-05-06 L. Jason Anastasopoulos

In a geographic experiment to measure advertising effectiveness, some regions (hereafter GEOs) get increased advertising while others do not. This paper looks at running $B>1$ such experiments simultaneously on $B$ different brands in $G$…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-05 Art B. Owen , Tristan Launay

In randomized trials, repeated measures of the outcome are routinely collected. The mixed model for repeated measures (MMRM) leverages the information from these repeated outcome measures, and is often used for the primary analysis to…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-20 Bingkai Wang , Yu Du

Online experiments in ads, recommendation, and member-experience systems are often planned before the dominant interference mechanism is known. A treatment may propagate through budgets, inventory, producer exposure, graph spillovers, or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-26 Prashant Shekhar , Caroline Howard

Multi-view data have been routinely collected in various fields of science and engineering. A general problem is to study the predictive association between multivariate responses and multi-view predictor sets, all of which can be of high…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-30 Gen Li , Xiaokang Liu , Kun Chen

We study regret minimization in repeated first-price auctions (FPAs), where a bidder observes only the realized outcome after each auction -- win or loss. This setup reflects practical scenarios in online display advertising where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yuxiao Wen , Yanjun Han , Zhengyuan Zhou

The problem of measuring the true incremental effectiveness of a digital advertising campaign is of increasing importance to marketers. With a large and increasing percentage of digital advertising delivered via Demand-Side-Platforms (DSPs)…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-04 Prasad Chalasani , Ari Buchalter , Jaynth Thiagarajan , Ezra Winston

Problem definition: Mining for heterogeneous responses to an intervention is a crucial step for data-driven operations, for instance to personalize treatment or pricing. We investigate how to estimate price sensitivity from…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-08 Jean Pauphilet

Directed Exploration is a crucial challenge in reinforcement learning (RL), especially when rewards are sparse. Information-directed sampling (IDS), which optimizes the information ratio, seeks to do so by augmenting regret with information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Souradip Chakraborty , Amrit Singh Bedi , Alec Koppel , Mengdi Wang , Furong Huang , Dinesh Manocha

Estimands using the treatment policy strategy for addressing intercurrent events are common in Phase III clinical trials. One estimation approach for this strategy is retrieved dropout whereby observed data following an intercurrent event…

AI advice is becoming increasingly popular, e.g., in investment and medical treatment decisions. As this advice is typically imperfect, decision-makers have to exert discretion as to whether actually follow that advice: they have to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Max Schemmer , Niklas Kühl , Carina Benz , Andrea Bartos , Gerhard Satzger

We study the performance of a proportional weights algorithm for online capacitated bipartite matching modeling the delivery of impression ads. The algorithm uses predictions on the advertiser nodes to match arriving impression nodes…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Thomas Lavastida , Benjamin Moseley , R. Ravi , Chenyang Xu

Causal mediation analysis can improve understanding of the mechanisms underlying epidemiologic associations. However, the utility of natural direct and indirect effect estimation has been limited by the assumption of no confounder of the…

Applications · Statistics 2020-06-16 Kara E. Rudolph , Oleg Sofrygin , Wenjing Zheng , Mark J. van der Laan

Auto-bidding systems are widely used in advertising to automatically determine bid values under constraints such as total budget and Return-on-Spend (RoS) targets. Existing works often assume that the value of an ad impression, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jiale Han , Chun Gan , Chengcheng Zhang , Jie He , Zhangang Lin , Ching Law , Xiaowu Dai

This vision paper demonstrates that it is crucial to consider Return-on-Investment (ROI) when performing Data Analytics. Decisions on "How much analytics is needed"? are hard to answer. ROI could guide for decision support on the What?,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Gouri Deshpande , Guenther Ruhe