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A quantum inequality for the quantized electromagnetic field is developed for observers in static curved spacetimes. The quantum inequality derived is a generalized expression given by a mode function expansion of the four-vector potential,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Michael J. Pfenning

Transforming Penrose's intuitive picture of a strong cosmic censorship principle, that generically forbids the appearance of locally naked space-time singularities, into a formal mathematical proof, remains at present, one of the most…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Wenceslao Santiago-Germán

Via the AdS/CFT correspondence, fundamental constraints on the entanglement structure of quantum systems translate to constraints on spacetime geometries that must be satisfied in any consistent theory of quantum gravity. In this paper, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-12-23 Nima Lashkari , Charles Rabideau , Philippe Sabella-Garnier , Mark Van Raamsdonk

Consider an asymptotically Euclidean initial data set with a smooth marginally trapped surface (possibly a union of future and past multi-connected components) as inner boundary. By a further development of the spinorial framework…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-02 Yun-Kau Lau

Quantum ergodicity theorem states that for quantum systems with ergodic classical flows, eigenstates are, in average, uniformly distributed on energy surfaces. We show that if N is a hypersurface in the position space satisfying a simple…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-11-20 Semyon Dyatlov , Maciej Zworski

Quantum inequality restrictions on the stress-energy tensor for negative energy are developed for three and four-dimensional static spacetimes. We derive a general inequality in terms of a sum of mode functions which constrains the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Michael J. Pfenning , L. H. Ford

We consider versions of the Penrose singularity theorem and the Hawking horizon topology theorem in weighted spacetimes that contain weighted versions of trapped surfaces, for arbitrary spacetime dimension and synthetic dimension. We find…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-03 Eric Ling , Argam Ohanyan , Eric Woolgar

The entropy of the observable universe is increasing. Thus, at earlier times the entropy was lower. However, the cosmic microwave background radiation reveals an apparently high entropy universe close to thermal and chemical equilibrium. A…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-10-11 Vihan M. Patel , and Charles H. Lineweaver

The concept of the Quantum Ratio was born out of the efforts to find a simple but universal criterion if the center of mass (CM) of an isolated (microscopic or macroscopic) body behaves quantum mechanically or classically, and under which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Kenichi Konishi , Hans-Thomas Elze

This talk summarizes a new understanding of the cosmological constant problem, which essentially relies on a phase-space-like computation of the vacuum energy, both in the realm of quantum field theory coupled to gravity, and in the realm…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-05-23 Djordje Minic

For the power-law quantum wave packet in configuration space, the variance of the position observable may be divergent. Accordingly, the information-entropic formulation of the uncertainty principle becomes more appropriate than the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Sumiyoshi Abe , S. Martinez , F. Pennini , A. Plastino

We address the problem of estimating the mass of a quantum particle in a gravitational field and seek the ultimate bounds to precision of quantum-limited detection schemes. In particular, we study the effect of the field on the achievable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-24 Luigi Seveso , Valerio Peri , Matteo G. A. Paris

We propose a geometric inequality for two-dimensional spacelike surfaces in the Schwarzschild spacetime. This inequality implies the Penrose inequality for collapsing dust shells in general relativity, as proposed by Penrose and Gibbons. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Simon Brendle , Mu-Tao Wang

We review well known classical energy conditions and their implications for gravitational solutions, including the celebrated Hawking and Penrose singularity theorems. We then consider quantum fields coupled to gravity, where the topic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-20 Jackson R. Fliss

The 1965 Penrose singularity theorem demonstrates the utterly inevitable and unavoidable formation of spacetime singularities under physically reasonable assumptions, and it remains one of the main results in our understanding of black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-29 Raúl Carballo-Rubio , Francesco Di Filippo , Stefano Liberati , Matt Visser

We study the derivation of the effective equation of motion for a pointlike particle in the framework of quantum gravity. Just like the geodesic motion of a classical particle is a consequence of classical field theory coupled to general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-01 Francisco Pipa , Nikola Paunkovic , Marko Vojinovic

Quantum theory is notoriously counterintuitive, and yet remains entirely self-consistent when applied universally. Here we uncover a new manifestation of its unusual consequences. We demonstrate, theoretically and experimentally (by means…

This article is the sequel to our previous paper [LS] dealing with the near-equality case of the Positive Mass Theorem. We study the near-equality case of the Penrose Inequality for the class of complete asymptotically flat rotationally…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-05-30 Dan A. Lee , Christina Sormani

The Jang equation in the spherically symmetric case reduces to a first order equation. This permits an easy analysis of the role apparent horizons play in the (non)existence of solutions. We demonstrate that the proposed derivation of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Edward Malec , Niall Ó Murchadha

Quantum gravity, and quantum cosmology, is not yet a complete nor consistent theory. One of the reasons for this is that the identification of the quantum of gravity is still very elusive. Here we show that the quantum of gravity is the…

General Physics · Physics 2011-05-17 Antonio Alfonso-Faus