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Computing is an indispensable component of nearly all technologies and is ubiquitous for vast segments of society. It is also essential to discoveries and innovations in most disciplines. However, while past grand challenges in science have…
Quantum advantage is notoriously hard to find and even harder to prove. For example the class of functions computable with classical physics actually exactly coincides with the class computable quantum-mechanically. It is strongly believed,…
The problem of emergence in physical theories makes necessary to build a general theory of the relationships between the observed system and the observing system. It can be shown that there exists a correspondence between classical systems…
Recent decades have seen a rise in the use of physics methods to study different societal phenomena. This development has been due to physicists venturing outside of their traditional domains of interest, but also due to scientists from…
It is expected that quantum computers would enable solving various problems that are beyond the capabilities of the most powerful current supercomputers, which are based on classical technologies. In the last three decades, advances in…
Natural computing offers new opportunities to understand, model and analyze the complexity of the physical and human-created environment. This paper examines the application of natural computing in environmental informatics, by…
Quantum computers take advantage of interfering quantum alternatives in order to handle problems that might be too time consuming with algorithms based on classical logic. Developing quantum computers requires new ways of thinking beyond…
The design of new devices and experiments in science and engineering has historically relied on the intuitions of human experts. This credo, however, has changed. In many disciplines, computer-inspired design processes, also known as…
As we are fast approaching the beginning of a paradigm shift in the field of science, Data driven science (the so called fourth science paradigm) is going to be the driving force in research and innovation. From medicine to biodiversity and…
The Internet and computer commercialization have transformed the computing systems area over the past sixty years, affecting society. Computer systems have evolved to meet diverse social needs thanks to technological advances. The Internet…
Quantum learning paradigms address the question of how best to harness conceptual elements of quantum mechanics and information processing to improve operability and functionality of a computing system for specific tasks through experience.…
Recent theoretical results confirm that quantum theory provides the possibility of new ways of performing efficient calculations. The most striking example is the factoring problem. It has recently been shown that computers that exploit…
Quantum Computing promises accelerated simulation of certain classes of problems, in particular in plasma physics. Given the nascent interest in applying quantum computing techniques to study plasma systems, a compendium of the relevant…
The increasing growth of data volume, and the consequent explosion in demand for computational power, are affecting scientific computing, as shown by the rise of extreme data scientific workflows. As the need for computing power increases,…
We argue that most advances in science and technology during the past and the present centuries rely on modern physics concepts developed in the early $20$th century. The reliance is so profound that any improvement of literacy of science…
The success of the abstract model of computation, in terms of bits, logical operations, programming language constructs, and the like, makes it easy to forget that computation is a physical process. Our cherished notions of computation and…
The experience of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has accelerated many chaotic processes in modern society, has highlighted in a very serious and urgent way the need to understand complex processes in order to achieve the common well-being.…
Quantum computing (QC) has experienced rapid growth in recent years with the advent of robust programming environments, readily accessible software simulators and cloud-based QC hardware platforms, and growing interest in learning how to…
The study of plasma physics under conditions of extreme temperatures, densities and electromagnetic field strengths is significant for our understanding of astrophysics, nuclear fusion and fundamental physics. These extreme physical systems…
Quantum theory has found a new field of applications in the realm of information and computation during the recent years. This paper reviews how quantum physics allows information coding in classically unexpected and subtle nonlocal ways,…