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Related papers: H$_2$ ortho-para spin conversion on inhomogeneous …

200 papers

We have used the Herschel-HIFI instrument to observe both nuclear spin symmetries of amidogen (NH2) towards the high-mass star-forming regions W31C (G10.6-0.4), W49N (G43.2-0.1), W51 (G49.5-0.4) and G34.3+0.1. The aim is to investigate the…

We investigated the behavior of H$_2$, main constituent of the gas phase in dense clouds, after collision with amorphous solid water (ASW) surfaces, one of the most abundant chemical species of interstellar ices. We developed a general…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-03-20 G. Molpeceres , J. Kästner

Hydrogen sulfide (H$_2$S) is thought to be efficiently formed on grain surfaces through the successive hydrogenation of S atoms. Its non-detection so far in astronomical observations of icy dust mantles thus indicates that effective…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-17 Julia C. Santos , Harold Linnartz , Ko-Ju Chuang

The mechanism for interconversion between the nuclear spin isomers (NSI) of H$_2$O remains shrouded in uncertainties. The temperature dependence displayed by NSI interconversion rates for H$_2$O isolated in an Argon matrix provides evidence…

Due to its large surface area and strongly attractive potential, a bundle of carbon nanotubes is an ideal substrate material for gas storage. In addition, adsorption in nanotubes can be exploited in order to separate the components of a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 R. A. Trasca , M. K. Kostov , M. W. Cole

We determine the ortho/para ratios of NH2D and NHD2 in two dense, starless cores, where their formation is supposed to be dominated by gas-phase reactions, which, in turn, is predicted to result in deviations from the statistical spin…

We report results for reaction and vibrational quenching of the collision D with para-H$_2$($v,j=0$) and ortho-H$_2$($v,j=1$) at cold and ultracold temperatures. We investigate the effect of nuclear spin symmetry for barrier dominated…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 I. Simbotin , R. Côté

We determined the ortho/para (o/p) ratios of NH2D and NHD2 in the archetypical pre-stellar core L1544. The core was observed in the two lowest rotational lines of ortho- and para-NH2D using the APEX and the IRAM 30 m telescopes. The…

We investigate how the existence of hydrogen molecules on grain surfaces may affect H$_2$ formation efficiency in diffuse and translucent clouds. Hydrogen molecules are able to reduce the desorption energy of H atoms on grain surfaces in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-30 Gang Zhao , Qiang Chang , Xia Zhang , Donghui Quan , Yong Zhang , Xiao-Hu Li

The recombination of hydrogen in the interstellar medium, taking place on surfaces of microscopic dust grains, is an essential process in the evolution of chemical complexity in interstellar clouds. The H_2 formation process has been…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 Ofer Biham , Azi Lipshtat

We have investigated the thermally induced proton/deuteron exchange in mixed amorphous H$_2$O:D$_2$O ices by monitoring the change in intensity of characteristic vibrational bending modes of H$_2$O, HDO, and D$_2$O with time and as function…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 Thanja Lamberts , Sergio Ioppolo , Herma Cuppen , Gleb Fedoseev , Harold Linnartz

The energy to desorb atomic oxygen from an interstellar dust grain surface, $E_{\rm des}$, is an important controlling parameter in gas-grain models; its value impacts the temperature range over which oxygen resides on a dust grain.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 Jiao He , Jianming Shi , Tyler Hopkins , Gianfranco Vidali , Michael J. Kaufman

Hydrogen molecules (H2) come in two forms in the interstellar medium, ortho- and para-hydrogen, corresponding to the two different spin configurations of the two hydrogen atoms. The relative abundances of the two flavours in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Neil Vaytet , Kengo Tomida , Gilles Chabrier

Protoplanetary disks are the target of many chemical studies (both observational and theoretical) as they contain the building material for planets. Their large vertical and radial gradients in density and temperature make them challenging…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-07 V. Wakelam , M. Ruaud , F. Hersant , A. Dutrey , D. Semenov , L. Majumdar , S. Guilloteau

At low temperatures (10 K), hydrogen atoms can diffuse quickly on grain ice mantles and frequently encounter hydrogen molecules, which cover a notable fraction of grain surface. The desorption energy of H atoms on H2 substrates is much less…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-31 Qiang Chang , Xuli Zheng , Xia Zhang , Donghui Quan , Yang Lu , Qingkuan Meng , Xiaohu Li , Long-Fei Chen

Aims. The mobility of H atoms on the surface of interstellar dust grains at low temperature is still a matter of debate. In dense clouds, the hydrogenation of adsorbed species (i.e., CO), as well as the subsequent deuteration of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 E. Matar , E. Congiu , F. Dulieu , A. Momeni , J. L. Lemaire

We have analyzed spectra recorded between 50 and 650 cm$^{-1}$ by the Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) aboard the Cassini spacecraft at low and high emission angles to determine simultaneously the H$_2$ mole fraction and ortho-to-para…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-24 Bruno Bézard , Sandrine Vinatier

Continuous-time, random-walk Monte Carlo simulations of H2 formation on grains have been performed for surfaces that are stochastically heated by photons. We have assumed diffuse cloud conditions and used a variety of grains of varying…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 H. M. Cuppen , O. Morata , Eric Herbst

Formaldehyde (H$_2$CO) is an important precursor to organics like methanol (CH$_3$OH). It is important to understand the conditions that produce H$_2$CO and prebiotic molecules during star and planet formation. H$_2$CO possesses both…

We study molecular hydrogen formation in and on solids. We construct a model with surface sites and bulk sites capable of describing (1) the motion and exchange of H and H_2 between surface and bulk, (2) the recombination of H and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Amir Levinson , David F. Chernoff , Edwin E. Salpeter