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In the vast domain of cybersecurity, the transition from reactive defense to offensive has become critical in protecting digital infrastructures. This paper explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into offensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Leroy Jacob Valencia

In recent years, a myriad of superlative works on intelligent robotics policies have been done, thanks to advances in machine learning. However, inefficiency and lack of transfer ability hindered algorithms from pragmatic applications,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Yiwen Chen , Zedong Zhang , Haofeng Liu , Jiayi Tan , Chee-Meng Chew , Marcelo Ang

Two key challenges within Reinforcement Learning involve improving (a) agent learning within environments with sparse extrinsic rewards and (b) the explainability of agent actions. We describe a curious subgoal focused agent to address both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Connor van Rossum , Candice Feinberg , Adam Abu Shumays , Kyle Baxter , Benedek Bartha

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents have evolved from passive predictive tools into active entities capable of autonomous decision-making and environmental interaction, driven by the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xiaolei Zhang , Lu Zhou , Xiaogang Xu , Jiafei Wu , Tianyu Du , Heqing Huang , Hao Peng , Zhe Liu

Machine Learning applications are acknowledged at the foundation of autonomous driving, because they are the enabling technology for most driving tasks. However, the inclusion of trained agents in automotive systems exposes the vehicle to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Niccolò Piazzesi , Massimo Hong , Andrea Ceccarelli

From software development to robot control, modern agentic systems decompose complex objectives into a sequence of subtasks and choose a set of specialized AI agents to complete them. We formalize agentic workflows as directed acyclic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Guruprerana Shabadi , Rajeev Alur

This position paper argues that AI agents should be regulated by the extent to which they operate autonomously. AI agents with long-term planning and strategic capabilities can pose significant risks of human extinction and irreversible…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Takayuki Osogami

Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI) can autonomously pursue long-term goals, make decisions, and execute complex, multi-turn workflows. Unlike traditional generative AI, which responds reactively to prompts, agentic AI proactively…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Anirban Mukherjee , Hannah Hanwen Chang

We introduce AugLy, a data augmentation library with a focus on adversarial robustness. AugLy provides a wide array of augmentations for multiple modalities (audio, image, text, & video). These augmentations were inspired by those that real…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Zoe Papakipos , Joanna Bitton

What looks like acceleration can be a quiet transfer of burden from the present to the future. Attempts to replace human labor with AI systems are often presented as rational responses to technological progress, but that view is often…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Wolfgang Rohde

In the future, artificial learning agents are likely to become increasingly widespread in our society. They will interact with both other learning agents and humans in a variety of complex settings including social dilemmas. We consider the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Tobias Baumann , Thore Graepel , John Shawe-Taylor

Algorithmic Information Theory has inspired intractable constructions of general intelligence (AGI), and undiscovered tractable approximations are likely feasible. Reinforcement Learning (RL), the dominant paradigm by which an agent might…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Michael K. Cohen , Badri Vellambi , Marcus Hutter

Generative AI's humanlike qualities are driving its rapid adoption in professional domains. However, this anthropomorphic appeal raises concerns from HCI and responsible AI scholars about potential hazards and harms, such as overtrust in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Mark Díaz , Renee Shelby , Eric Corbett , Andrew Smart

To understand the risks posed by a new AI system, we must understand what it can and cannot do. Building on prior work, we introduce a programme of new "dangerous capability" evaluations and pilot them on Gemini 1.0 models. Our evaluations…

Machine learning is now ubiquitous in societal decision-making, for example in evaluating job candidates or loan applications, and it is increasingly important to take into account how classified agents will react to the learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Dravyansh Sharma , Alec Sun

As generative AI systems, including large language models (LLMs) and diffusion models, advance rapidly, their growing adoption has led to new and complex security risks often overlooked in traditional AI risk assessment frameworks. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Aviral Srivastava , Sourav Panda

User simulation is an emerging interdisciplinary topic with multiple critical applications in the era of Generative AI. It involves creating an intelligent agent that mimics the actions of a human user interacting with an AI system,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Krisztian Balog , ChengXiang Zhai

In safety-critical applications, autonomous agents may need to learn in an environment where mistakes can be very costly. In such settings, the agent needs to behave safely not only after but also while learning. To achieve this, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Matteo Turchetta , Andrey Kolobov , Shital Shah , Andreas Krause , Alekh Agarwal

General intelligence, the ability to solve arbitrary solvable problems, is supposed by many to be artificially constructible. Narrow intelligence, the ability to solve a given particularly difficult problem, has seen impressive recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Michael K Cohen , Badri Vellambi , Marcus Hutter

The advancement of general-purpose intelligent agents is intrinsically linked to the environments in which they are trained. While scaling models and datasets has yielded remarkable capabilities, scaling the complexity, diversity, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Brennen Hill