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Context. Detecting Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) is crucial for proactive software maintenance. Previous research has primarily targeted detecting and prioritizing SATD, with little focus on the source code afflicted with SATD. Our…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Murali Sridharan , Mikel Robredo , Leevi Rantala , Matteo Esposito , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Mika Mantyla

Keeping track of and managing Self-Admitted Technical Debts (SATDs) is important for maintaining a healthy software project. Current active-learning SATD recognition tool involves manual inspection of 24% of the test comments on average to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Huy Tu , Tim Menzies

Cognitive biases exert a significant influence on human thinking and decision-making. In order to identify how they influence the occurrence of architectural technical debt, a series of semi-structured interviews with software architects…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Klara Borowa , Andrzej Zalewski , Szymon Kijas

In the process of software evolution, developers often sacrifice the long-term code quality to satisfy the short-term goals due to specific reasons, which is called technical debt. In particular, self-admitted technical debt (SATD) refers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Zhaoqiang Guo , Shiran Liu , Jinping Liu , Yanhui Li , Lin Chen , Hongmin Lu , Yuming Zhou , Baowen Xu

This report describes the experiences of one organization's adoption of Test Driven Development (TDD) practices as part of a medium-term software project employing Extreme Programming as a methodology. Three years into this project the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Jim Buchan , Ling Li , Stephen G. MacDonell

Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) is a special form of technical debt in which developers intentionally record their hacks in the code by adding comments for attention. Here, we focus on issue-related "On-hold SATD", where developers…

Self-admitted technical debt (SATD) refers to technical debt that is intentionally introduced by developers and explicitly documented in code comments or other software artifacts (e.g., issue reports) to annotate sub-optimal decisions made…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Jerin Yasmin , Mohammad Sadegh Sheikhaei , Yuan Tian

Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) refers to technical compromises explicitly admitted by developers in natural language artifacts such as code comments, commit messages, and issue trackers. Among its types, Architecture Technical Debt…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Edi Sutoyo , Paris Avgeriou , Andrea Capiluppi

In real-world Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) scenarios, where LLMs interleave reasoning with external tool calls, a major source of inefficiency is that the toolcalls create pauses between LLM requests and cause KV-Cache eviction, forcing…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Qisheng Su , Shiting Huang , Zhen Fang , Ziyan Chen , Zehui Chen , Feng Zhao

Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) is a form of Technical Debt where developers document the debt using source code comments (SATD-C) or issues (SATD-I). However, it is still unclear the circumstances that drive developers to choose one or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Laerte Xavier , João Eduardo Montandon , Marco Tulio Valente

Technical debt has become a well-known metaphor among software professionals, illustrating how shortcuts taken during development can accumulate and become a burden for software projects. In the traditional notion of technical debt,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Sebastian Baltes , Veronika Dashuber

Self-Admitted Technical Debt or SATD can be found in various sources, such as source code comments, commit messages, issue tracking systems, and pull requests. Previous research has established the existence of relations between SATD items…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Yikun Li , Mohamed Soliman , Paris Avgeriou

Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) annotates development decisions that intentionally exchange long-term software artifact quality for short-term goals. Recent work explores the existence of SATD clones (duplicate or near duplicate SATD…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Tao Xiao , Zhili Zeng , Dong Wang , Hideaki Hata , Shane McIntosh , Kenichi Matsumoto

Self-admitted technical debt (SATD) refers to a form of technical debt in which developers explicitly acknowledge and document the existence of technical shortcuts, workarounds, or temporary solutions within the codebase. Over recent years,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Edi Sutoyo , Andrea Capiluppi

Architectural debt is a form of technical debt that derives from the gap between the architectural design of the system as it "should be" compared to "as it is". We measured architecture debt in two ways: 1) in terms of system-wide coupling…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Maleknaz Nayebi , Yuanfang Cai , Rick Kazman , Guenther Ruhe , Qiong Feng , Chris Carlson , Francis Chew

When not appropriately managed, technical debt is considered to have negative effects on the long term success of a software project. However, how the debt metaphor applies to requirements engineering in general, and to requirements…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Valentina Lenarduzzi , Davide Fucci

Agentic AI systems are increasingly being explored as production infrastructure: they reason over multiple steps, call tools, act through workflows, and adapt through memory and feedback. These systems create governance challenges that are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Muhammad Zia Hydari , Raja Iqbal , Narayan Ramasubbu

This paper presents a case study analyzing Hibernate ecosystem software projects to investigate and demonstrate Code Debt behavior in relation to severity and rework time. The case study carried out revealed that the Code Debt with severity…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Bruno Santos de Lima , Rogério Eduardo Garcia

We study the dynamic pricing problem faced by a broker seeking to learn prices for a large number of credit market securities, such as corporate bonds, government bonds, loans, and other credit-related securities. A major challenge in…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-18 Adel Javanmard , Jingwei Ji , Renyuan Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly progressed into general-purpose agents capable of solving a broad spectrum of tasks. However, current models remain inefficient at reasoning: they apply fixed inference-time compute regardless of…