Related papers: Squaring the Circle Revisited
In this paper we have produced different kinds of bimagic squares based on bimagic squares of order 8x8, 16x16, 25x25, 49x49, etc. A different technique is applied to produce bimagic square of order 16x16, 25x25, 49x49, etc. The bimagic…
It is well known that a center of a given circle cannot be constructed using only a straightedge and that this was proven by David Hilbert. Still it is not so clear what kind of object is proven to be non-existing. We analyze different…
Spiral Galaxies is a pencil-and-paper puzzle played on a grid of unit squares: given a set of points called centers, the goal is to partition the grid into polyominoes such that each polyomino contains exactly one center and is 180{\deg}…
We consider so-called squaring the square-puzzles where a given square (or rectangle) should be dissected into smaller squares. For a specific instance of such problems we demonstrate that a mathematically rigorous solution can be quite…
We study the packing of a large number of congruent and non--overlapping circles inside a regular polygon. We have devised efficient algorithms that allow one to generate configurations of $N$ densely packed circles inside a regular polygon…
A magic square of order n is an nxn square (matrix) whose entries are distinct nonnegative integers such that the sum of the numbers of any row and column is the same number, the magic constant. In this paper we introduce the concept of…
In his famous work, "Measurement of a Circle," Archimedes described a procedure for measuring both the circumference of a circle and the area it bounds. Implicit in his work is the idea that his procedure defines these quantities. Modern…
Heron's formula states that the area $K$ of a triangle with sides $a$, $b$, and $c$ is given by $$ K=\sqrt {s(s-a) (s-b) (s-c)} $$ where $s$ is the semiperimeter $(a+b+c)/2$. Brahmagupta, Robbins, Roskies, and Maley generalized this formula…
We introduce a recursive procedure for computing the number of realizations of a minimally rigid graph on the sphere up to rotations. We accomplish this by combining two ingredients. The first is a framework that allows us to think of such…
Starting from any given rational-sided, right triangle, for example the $(3,4,5)$-triangle with area $6$, we use Euclidean geometry to show that there are infinitely many other rational-sided, right triangles of the same area. We show…
We define a magic square to be a square matrix whose entries are nonnegative integers and whose rows, columns, and main diagonals sum up to the same number. We prove structural results for the number of such squares as a function of the…
Consider a bundle of circles passing through 0 in 4-dimensional space. It is said to be rectifiable if there is a germ of diffeomorphism at 0 that takes all circles from our bundle to straight lines. We will give a classification of all…
An additive-multiplicative magic square is a square grid of numbers whose rows, columns, and long diagonals all have the same sum (called the magic sum) and the same product (called the magic product). There are numerous open problems about…
We study the problem of perfect tiling in the plane and exploring the possibility of tiling a rectangle using integral distinct squares. Assume a set of distinguishable squares (or equivalently a set of distinct natural numbers) is given,…
In order to state the theorem in the title formally and to review its rigorous proof, we extend and make more precise the Uspenskiy-Shen-Akopyan-Fedorov model of Euclidean constructions with arbitrary points; we also introduce…
Nandakumar asked whether there is a tiling of the plane by pairwise non-congruent triangles of equal area and equal perimeter. Here a weaker result is obtained: there is a tiling of the plane by pairwise non-congruent triangles of equal…
In this paper we study the geometry of metric spheres in the curve complex of a surface, with the goal of determining the "average" distance between points on a given sphere. Averaging is not technically possible because metric spheres in…
This article explores the limits of geometric construction using various tools, both classical and modern. Starting with ruler and compass constructions, we examine how adding methods such as origami, marked rulers (neusis), conic sections,…
We prove that it is $\#\mathsf{P}$-complete to count the triangulations of a (non-simple) polygon.
In this short note we have given an equation based on the date 11.09.2001 and presented some magic squares. The magic squares presented are of order 3x3, 4x4, 5x5, 9x9, 16x16 and 25x25. While the magic square of higher order 9x9, 16x16 and…