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We present a framework for quantifying and mitigating algorithmic bias in mechanisms designed for ranking individuals, typically used as part of web-scale search and recommendation systems. We first propose complementary measures to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Sahin Cem Geyik , Stuart Ambler , Krishnaram Kenthapadi

One of the many fairness definitions pursued in recent recommender system research targets mitigating demographic information encoded in model representations. Models optimized for this definition are typically evaluated on how well…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Bjørnar Vassøy , Benjamin Kille , Helge Langseth

With a vast number of items, web-pages, and news to choose from, online services and the customers both benefit tremendously from personalized recommender systems. Such systems however provide great opportunities for targeted…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-04-16 Subhashini Krishnasamy , Rajat Sen , Sewoong Oh , Sanjay Shakkottai

The fair-ranking problem, which asks to rank a given set of items to maximize utility subject to group fairness constraints, has received attention in the fairness, information retrieval, and machine learning literature. Recent works,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Anay Mehrotra , Nisheeth K. Vishnoi

Algorithmic fairness in the context of personalized recommendation presents significantly different challenges to those commonly encountered in classification tasks. Researchers studying classification have generally considered fairness to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Amanda Aird , Paresha Farastu , Joshua Sun , Elena Štefancová , Cassidy All , Amy Voida , Nicholas Mattei , Robin Burke

In this paper, we derive an algorithmic fairness metric from the fairness notion of equal opportunity for equally qualified candidates for recommendation algorithms commonly used by two-sided marketplaces. We borrow from the economic…

General Economics · Economics 2022-08-23 YinYin Yu , Guillaume Saint-Jacques

Decision making in crucial applications such as lending, hiring, and college admissions has witnessed increasing use of algorithmic models and techniques as a result of a confluence of factors such as ubiquitous connectivity, ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-08 G Roshan Lal , Sahin Cem Geyik , Krishnaram Kenthapadi

We propose a control-theoretic interpretation of recommender systems and use this perspective to analyze how fairness interventions shape long-term system behavior. Fairness concerns arise for both users and creators, ranging from opinion…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Giulia De Pasquale , Sarah Dean , Paolo Frasca

Algorithmic decision making systems are ubiquitous across a wide variety of online as well as offline services. These systems rely on complex learning methods and vast amounts of data to optimize the service functionality, satisfaction of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-27 Muhammad Bilal Zafar , Isabel Valera , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez , Krishna P. Gummadi

Understanding and removing bias from the decisions made by machine learning models is essential to avoid discrimination against unprivileged groups. Despite recent progress in algorithmic fairness, there is still no clear answer as to which…

Fairness in recommender systems has recently received attention from researchers. Unfair recommendations have negative impact on the effectiveness of recommender systems as it may degrade users' satisfaction, loyalty, and at worst, it can…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Masoud Mansoury , Himan Abdollahpouri , Joris Rombouts , Mykola Pechenizkiy

Ranking is a fundamental operation in information access systems, to filter information and direct user attention towards items deemed most relevant to them. Due to position bias, items of similar relevance may receive significantly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Giorgio Maria Di Nunzio , Alessandro Fabris , Gianmaria Silvello , Gian Antonio Susto

Several recent works have highlighted how search and recommender systems exhibit bias along different dimensions. Counteracting this bias and bringing a certain amount of fairness in search is crucial to not only creating a more balanced…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Sahil Verma , Ruoyuan Gao , Chirag Shah

Ensuring fair outcomes for multiple stakeholders in recommender systems has been studied mostly in terms of algorithmic interventions: building new models with better fairness properties, or using reranking to improve outcomes from an…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Elizabeth McKinnie , Anas Buhayh , Clement Canel , Robin Burke

Though recommender systems are defined by personalization, recent work has shown the importance of additional, beyond-accuracy objectives, such as fairness. Because users often expect their recommendations to be purely personalized, these…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Nasim Sonboli , Jessie J. Smith , Florencia Cabral Berenfus , Robin Burke , Casey Fiesler

Algorithmic fairness has emerged as a central issue in ML, and it has become standard practice to adjust ML algorithms so that they will satisfy fairness requirements such as Equal Opportunity. In this paper we consider the effects of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ronen Gradwohl , Eilam Shapira , Moshe Tennenholtz

Fairness concerns about algorithmic decision-making systems have been mainly focused on the outputs (e.g., the accuracy of a classifier across individuals or groups). However, one may additionally be concerned with fairness in the inputs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Bashir Rastegarpanah , Mark Crovella , Krishna P. Gummadi

Although many fairness criteria have been proposed to ensure that machine learning algorithms do not exhibit or amplify our existing social biases, these algorithms are trained on datasets that can themselves be statistically biased. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Yiqiao Liao , Parinaz Naghizadeh

Building fair recommender systems is a challenging and crucial area of study due to its immense impact on society. We extended the definitions of two commonly accepted notions of fairness to recommender systems, namely equality of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-12 Preetam Nandy , Cyrus Diciccio , Divya Venugopalan , Heloise Logan , Kinjal Basu , Noureddine El Karoui

Information retrieval (IR) systems often leverage query data to suggest relevant items to users. This introduces the possibility of unfairness if the query (i.e., input) and the resulting recommendations unintentionally correlate with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-17 Rinat Khaziev , Bryce Casavant , Pearce Washabaugh , Amy A. Winecoff , Matthew Graham