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Financial companies continuously analyze the state of the markets to rethink and adjust their investment strategies. While the analysis is done on the digital form of data, decisions are often made based on graphical representations in…

A variety of agent-based models has been proposed to account for the emergence of coordinated collective behavior of animal groups from simple interaction rules. A common, simplifying assumption of such collective movement models, is the…

Psychologists recognize Raven's Progressive Matrices as a very effective test of general human intelligence. While many computational models have been developed by the AI community to investigate different forms of top-down, deliberative…

It is widely accepted that the fundamental geometrical law of nature should follow from an action principle. The particular subset of transformations of a system's dynamical variables that maintain the form of the action principle comprises…

The human ventral temporal cortex (VTC) plays a critical role in object recognition. Although it is well established that visual experience shapes VTC object representations, the impact of semantic and contextual learning is unclear. In…

Visualization design influences how people perceive data patterns, yet most research focuses on low-level analytic tasks, such as finding correlations. The extent to which these perceptual affordances translate to high-level decision-making…

When searching for an object in a scene, how does the brain decide where to look next? Theories of visual search suggest the existence of a global attentional map, computed by integrating bottom-up visual information with top-down,…

Recent interest in the external validity of prediction models (i.e., the problem of different train and test distributions, known as dataset shift) has produced many methods for finding predictive distributions that are invariant to dataset…

In contrast to objectively measurable aspects (such as accuracy, reading speed, or memorability), the subjective experience of visualizations has only recently gained importance, and we have less experience how to measure it. We explore how…

The visual representation of a concept varies significantly depending on its meaning and the context where it occurs; this poses multiple challenges both for vision and multimodal models. Our study focuses on concreteness, a well-researched…

Human visual perception is a complex, dynamic and fluctuating process. In addition to the incoming visual stimulus, it is affected by many other factors including temporal context, both external and internal to the observer. In this study…

Visualizations are common methods to convey information but also increasingly used to spread misinformation. It is therefore important to understand the factors people use to interpret visualizations. In this paper, we focus on factors that…

This paper proposes a theory for understanding perceptual learning processes within the general framework of laws of nature. Neural networks are regarded as systems whose connections are Lagrangian variables, namely functions depending on…

Most of previous studies concerning the Public Goods Game assume either participation is unconditional or the number of actual participants in a competitive group changes over time. How the fixed group size, prescribed by social…

As the Universe expands, the redshift of distant sources changes with time. Here we discuss gravitational lensing phenomena that are consequence of the redshift drift between lensed source, gravitational lens, and observer. When the source…

We consider cosmological consequences of a conformal-invariant unified theory which is dynamically equivalent to general relativity and is given in a space with the geometry of similarity. We show that the conformal-invariant theory offers…

The ultimate navigation efficiency of mobile robots in human environments will depend on how we will appraise them: merely as impersonal machines or as human-like agents. In the latter case, an agent may take advantage of the cooperative…

Tracking humans that are interacting with the other subjects or environment remains unsolved in visual tracking, because the visibility of the human of interests in videos is unknown and might vary over time. In particular, it is still…

Collective behavior in biological systems was first captured by the Vicsek model, in which particles align their velocities in the average direction of neighbors, leading to coherent motion and showing an order-disorder transition. However,…

Compositional generalization, the ability to generate novel combinations of known concepts, is a key ingredient for visual generative models. Yet, not all mechanisms that enable or inhibit it are fully understood. In this work, we conduct a…