Related papers: A concept for the X-ray telescope system with an a…
We report a new coherent imaging technique, termed ptychographic structured modulation (PSM), for quantitative super-resolution microscopy. In this technique, we place a thin diffuser (i.e., a scattering lens) in between the sample and the…
Compton telescopes provide a good sensitivity over a wide field of view in the difficult energy range running from a few hundred keV to several MeV. Their angular resolution is, however, poor and strongly energy dependent. We present a…
The last decade has seen numerous efforts to achieve imaging resolution beyond that of the Abbe-Rayleigh diffraction limit. The main direction of research aiming to break this limit seeks to exploit the evanescent components containing fine…
A telescope with Fresnel Zone Plates has been contemplated to be an excellent imaging mask in X-rays and gamma-rays for quite some time. With a proper choice of zone plate material, spacing and an appropriate readout system it is possible…
An ideal imaging system provides a spatial resolution that is ultimately dictated by the numerical aperture (NA) of the illumination and collection optics. In biological tissue, resolution is further affected by scattering limiting the…
With the advent of microsphere assisted microscopy in 2011, this technique emerged as a simple and easy way to obtain optical super-resolution. Although the possible mechanisms of imaging by microspheres are debated in the literature, most…
In this paper, we describe the principle of a multi-aperture interferometer that uses a phase-shifting technique and is suitable for quick, snapshot imaging of astrophysical objects at extreme angular resolution through Fourier inversion. A…
Polarimetry is widely considered a powerful observational technique in X-ray astronomy, useful to enhance our understanding of the emission mechanisms, geometry and magnetic field arrangement of many compact objects. However, the lack of…
Background. Relative astrometry at or below the micro-arcsec level with a 1m class space telescope has been repeatedly proposed as a tool for exo-planet detection and characterization, as well as for several topics at the forefront of…
We proposed a method to achieve superresolved optical imaging without beating the diffraction limit of light. This is achieved by magnifying the ideal optical image of the object through higher-order spatial frequency generation while…
Optical detection of nanoscale objects without relying on fluorescence is a current challenge due to their extremely weak interaction with light. Resonator-enhanced absorption microscopy is a novel tool to heavily boost the light-matter…
Optical modules for X-ray telescopes comprise several double-reflection mirrors operating in grazing incidence. The concentration power of an optical module, which determines primarily the telescope's sensitivity, is in general expressed by…
The INFN and INAF Italian research institutes developed a space-borne X-Ray polarimetry experiment based on a X-Ray telescope, focussing the radiation on a Gas Pixel Detector (GPD). The instrument obtains the polarization angle of the…
In this paper are reviewed various designs of advanced, multi-aperture optical systems dedicated to high angular resolution imaging or to the detection of exo-planets by nulling interferometry. A simple Fourier optics formalism applicable…
Phase Fresnel lenses have the same imaging properties as zone plates, but with the possibility of concentrating all of the incident power into the primary focus, increasing the maximum theoretical efficiency from 11% to close to 100%. For…
Super-resolution imaging refers to imaging techniques that surpass the Rayleigh resolution limit. One standard way to achieve super-resolution is by structuring the phase of the field illuminating the object. Although super-resolution…
The proposed black-hole finder mission EXIST will consist of multiple wide-field hard X-ray coded-aperture telescopes. The high science goals set for the mission require innovations in telescope design. In particular, wide energy band…
Focusing mirrors for X-ray telescopes in grazing incidence, introduced in the 70s, are characterized in terms of their performance by their imaging quality and effective area, which in turn determines their sensitivity. Even though the…
Resolution enhancements are often desired in imaging applications where high-resolution sensor arrays are difficult to obtain. Many computational imaging methods have been proposed to encode high-resolution scene information on…
To overcome the limit of diffraction while achieving the superresolution technique, solid immersion lenses are the key optical elements for data storage and nanophotonics applications. Recent demonstrations have shown how different…