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We address the classical Dantzig - Fulkerson - Johnson formulation of the symmetric metric Traveling Salesman Problem and study the integrality gap of its linear relaxation, namely the Subtour Elimination Problem (SEP). This integrality gap…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Tullio Villa , Eleonora Vercesi , Janos Barta , Monaldo Mastrolilli

This work proposes a novel enumeration algorithm for computing the integrality gap of small instances of the subtour elimination formulation for the Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem (ATSP). The core idea is to enumerate pairs of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Alessandro Sosso , Ambrogio Maria Bernardelli , Stefano Gualandi

We present a new $(\frac32+\frac1{\mathrm{e}})$-approximation algorithm for the Ordered Traveling Salesperson Problem (Ordered TSP). Ordered TSP is a variant of the classical metric Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) where a specified…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Susanne Armbruster , Matthias Mnich , Martin Nägele

Finding the exact integrality gap $\alpha$ for the LP relaxation of the metric Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) has been an open problem for over thirty years, with little progress made. It is known that $4/3 \leq \alpha \leq 3/2$, and a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Sylvia Boyd , András Sebö

In the maximum traveling salesman problem (Max TSP) we are given a complete undirected graph with nonnegative weights on the edges and we wish to compute a traveling salesman tour of maximum weight. We present a fast combinatorial $\frac…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-03-22 Szymon Dudycz , Jan Marcinkowski , Katarzyna Paluch , Bartosz Rybicki

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the most prominent combinatorial optimization problems. Given a complete graph G = (V, E) and non-negative distances d for every edge, the TSP asks for a shortest tour through all vertices with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Ulrich Pferschy , Rostislav Stanek

We describe a $\frac{4}{3}$-approximation algorithm for the traveling salesman problem in which the distances between points are induced by graph-theoretical distances in an unweighted graph. The algorithm is based on finding a minimum cost…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Ali Çivril

The standard LP relaxation of the asymmetric traveling salesman problem has been conjectured to have a constant integrality gap in the metric case. We prove this conjecture when restricted to shortest path metrics of node-weighted digraphs.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-08-14 Ola Svensson

Prize-Collecting TSP is a variant of the traveling salesperson problem where one may drop vertices from the tour at the cost of vertex-dependent penalties. The quality of a solution is then measured by adding the length of the tour and the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jannis Blauth , Nathan Klein , Martin Nägele

In this paper we investigate instances with high integrality ratio of the subtour LP. We develop a procedure to generate families of Euclidean TSP instances whose integrality ratios converge to $\frac{4}{3}$ and may have a different…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Xianghui Zhong

We give a new, strongly polynomial-time algorithm and improved analysis for the metric $s-t$ path TSP. It finds a tour of cost less than 1.53 times the optimum of the subtour elimination LP, while known examples show that 1.5 is a lower…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-08-29 András Sebő , Anke van Zuylen

We present a black-box reduction from the path version of the Traveling Salesman Problem (Path TSP) to the classical tour version (TSP). More precisely, we show that given an $\alpha$-approximation algorithm for TSP, then, for any $\epsilon…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Vera Traub , Jens Vygen , Rico Zenklusen

The Travelling Salesman Problem is one the most fundamental and most studied problems in approximation algorithms. For more than 30 years, the best algorithm known for general metrics has been Christofides's algorithm with approximation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-10-05 Marcin Mucha

We consider a new semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation of the symmetric traveling salesman problem (TSP) that may be obtained via an SDP relaxation of the more general quadratic assignment problem (QAP). We show that the new relaxation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-02-12 Etienne de Klerk , Dmitrii V. Pasechnik , Renata Sotirov

In Asymmetric A Priori TSP (with independent activation probabilities) we are given an instance of the Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem together with an activation probability for each vertex. The task is to compute a tour that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Manuel Christalla , Luise Puhlmann , Vera Traub

We study sublinear time algorithms for the traveling salesman problem (TSP). First, we focus on the closely related {\em maximum path cover} problem, which asks for a collection of vertex disjoint paths that include the maximum number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Soheil Behnezhad , Mohammad Roghani , Aviad Rubinstein , Amin Saberi

We revisit the constant-factor approximation algorithm for the asymmetric traveling salesman problem by Svensson, Tarnawski, and V\'egh. We improve on each part of this algorithm. We avoid the reduction to irreducible instances and thus…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Vera Traub , Jens Vygen

We present approximation algorithms for almost all variants of the multi-criteria traveling salesman problem (TSP). First, we devise randomized approximation algorithms for multi-criteria maximum traveling salesman problems (Max-TSP). For…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-07-14 Bodo Manthey

We show how to round any half-integral solution to the subtour-elimination relaxation for the TSP, while losing a less-than-1.5 factor. Such a rounding algorithm was recently given by Karlin, Klein, and Oveis Gharan based on sampling from…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Anupam Gupta , Euiwoong Lee , Jason Li , Marcin Mucha , Heather Newman , Sherry Sarkar

In this paper, we consider differential approximability of the traveling salesman problem (TSP). We show that TSP is $3/4$-differential approximable, which improves the currently best known bound $3/4 -O(1/n)$ due to Escoffier and Monnot in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Yuki Amano , Kazuhisa Makino