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The detection of new multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions is an important marker of the evolution of the disease. The applicability of learning-based methods could automate this task efficiently. However, the lack of annotated longitudinal data…

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive tool for the clinical assessment of low-prevalence neuromuscular disorders. Automated diagnosis methods might reduce the need for biopsies and provide valuable information on disease…

Deep Learning (DL) algorithms for morphological classification of galaxies have proven very successful, mimicking (or even improving) visual classifications. However, these algorithms rely on large training samples of labelled galaxies…

Deep learning, as a promising new area of machine learning, has attracted a rapidly increasing attention in the field of medical imaging. Compared to the conventional machine learning methods, deep learning requires no hand-tuned feature…

We present a hybrid algorithm to estimate lung nodule malignancy that combines imaging biomarkers from Radiologist's annotation with image classification of CT scans. Our algorithm employs a 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) as well as…

Accurate diagnosis of disease often depends on the exhaustive examination of Whole Slide Images (WSI) at microscopic resolution. Efficient handling of these data-intensive images requires lossy compression techniques. This paper…

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) provides a unique tool for noninvasively probing the microstructure of the neuronal tissue. The NODDI model has been a popular approach to the estimation of tissue microstructure in many…

Deformable registration consists of finding the best dense correspondence between two different images. Many algorithms have been published, but the clinical application was made difficult by the high calculation time needed to solve the…

Continuous photoplethysmography (PPG)-based blood pressure monitoring is necessary for healthcare and fitness applications. In Artificial Intelligence (AI), signal classification levels with the machine and deep learning arrangements need…

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely used radiological modality renowned for its radiation-free, comprehensive insights into the human body, facilitating medical diagnoses. However, the drawback of prolonged scan times hinders its…

Modern medical image registration approaches predict deformations using deep networks. These approaches achieve state-of-the-art (SOTA) registration accuracy and are generally fast. However, deep learning (DL) approaches are, in contrast to…

Multiple sclerosis is one of the most common chronic neurological diseases affecting the central nervous system. Lesions produced by the MS can be observed through two modalities of magnetic resonance (MR), known as T2W and FLAIR sequences,…

While deep learning has revolutionized the prediction of rigid protein structures, modelling the conformational ensembles of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs) remains a key frontier. Current AI paradigms present a trade-off: Protein…

Transfer learning is a machine learning technique designed to improve generalization performance by using pre-trained parameters obtained from other learning tasks. For image recognition tasks, many previous studies have reported that, when…

We introduce a deep encoder-decoder architecture for image deformation prediction from multimodal images. Specifically, we design an image-patch-based deep network that jointly (i) learns an image similarity measure and (ii) the…

This paper studies the use of Multi-Grade Deep Learning (MGDL) for solving highly oscillatory Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. We provide rigorous error analyses of continuous and discrete MGDL models, showing that the…

Deep learning-based 3-dimensional (3D) shape reconstruction from 2-dimensional (2D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become increasingly important in medical disease diagnosis, treatment planning, and computational modeling. This review…

Based on deep neural networks (DNNs), deep learning has been successfully applied to many problems, but its mechanism is still not well understood -- especially the reason why over-parametrized DNNs can generalize. A recent statistical…

In recent years, advancements in deep learning techniques have considerably enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of medical diagnostics. In this work, a novel approach using multi-task learning (MTL) for the simultaneous classification of…

Lesion detection is a fundamental problem in the computer-aided diagnosis scheme for mammography. The advance of deep learning techniques have made a remarkable progress for this task, provided that the training data are large and…