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Compute-in-memory (PIM) mitigates the memory wall by performing computation within memory, reducing data movement and improving energy efficiency. DRAM-based PIM is particularly attractive due to its high density, mature manufacturing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Siddhartha Raman Sundara Raman , Siyuan Ma , Lizy Kurian John

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures have demonstrated great potential in accelerating numerous deep learning tasks. Particularly, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices provide a promising hardware substrate to build PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weidong Cao , Yilong Zhao , Adith Boloor , Yinhe Han , Xuan Zhang , Li Jiang

Due to amount of data involved in emerging deep learning and big data applications, operations related to data movement have quickly become the bottleneck. Data-centric computing (DCC), as enabled by processing-in-memory (PIM) and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Kamil Khan , Sudeep Pasricha , Ryan Gary Kim

Processing in memory (PiM) represents a promising computing paradigm to enhance performance of numerous data-intensive applications. Variants performing computing directly in emerging nonvolatile memories can deliver very high energy…

Digital processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures mitigate the memory wall problem by facilitating parallel bitwise operations directly within the memory. Recent works have demonstrated their algorithmic potential for accelerating…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Orian Leitersdorf , Ronny Ronen , Shahar Kvatinsky

Modern Machine Learning (ML) training on large-scale datasets is a very time-consuming workload. It relies on the optimization algorithm Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) due to its effectiveness, simplicity, and generalization performance.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Steve Rhyner , Haocong Luo , Juan Gómez-Luna , Mohammad Sadrosadati , Jiawei Jiang , Ataberk Olgun , Harshita Gupta , Ce Zhang , Onur Mutlu

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures have seen an increase in popularity recently, as the high internal bandwidth available within 3D-stacked memory provides greater incentive to move some computation into the logic layer of the memory.…

Processing in Memory (PIM) is a computing paradigm that promises enormous gain in processing speed by eradicating latencies in the typical von Neumann architecture. It has gained popularity owing to its throughput by embedding storage and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-02-09 P. P. Chougule , B. Sen , R. Mukherjee , V. C. Karade , P. S. Patil , T. D. Dongale , R. K. Kamat

The dominance of machine learning and the ending of Moore's law have renewed interests in Processor in Memory (PIM) architectures. This interest has produced several recent proposals to modify an FPGA's BRAM architecture to form a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-11 MD Arafat Kabir , Ehsan Kabir , Joshua Hollis , Eli Levy-Mackay , Atiyehsadat Panahi , Jason Bakos , Miaoqing Huang , David Andrews

The von Neumann architecture, in which the memory and the computation units are separated, demands massive data traffic between the memory and the CPU. To reduce data movement, new technologies and computer architectures have been explored.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Adi Eliahu , Rotem Ben-Hur , Ronny Ronen , Shahar Kvatinsky

Processing-in-cache (PiC) and Processing-in-memory (PiM) architectures, especially those utilizing bit-line computing, offer promising solutions to mitigate data movement bottlenecks within the memory hierarchy. While previous studies have…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Dhruv Gajaria , Tosiron Adegbija , Kevin Gomez

Processing-in-memory (PIM) reduces data movement by executing near memory, but our large-scale characterization on real PIM hardware shows that end-to-end performance is often limited by disjoint host and device address spaces that force…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-11-20 I-Ting Lee , Bao-Kai Wang , Liang-Chi Chen , Wen Sheng Lim , Da-Wei Chang , Yu-Ming Chang , Chieng-Chung Ho

Computing has a huge memory problem. The memory system, consisting of multiple technologies at different levels, is responsible for most of the energy consumption, performance bottlenecks, robustness problems, monetary cost, and hardware…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Onur Mutlu , Ataberk Olgun , Ismail Emir Yuksel

Compute in-memory (CIM) is a promising technique that minimizes data transport, the primary performance bottleneck and energy cost of most data intensive applications. This has found wide-spread adoption in accelerating neural networks for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Brian Crafton , Samuel Spetalnick , Gauthaman Murali , Tushar Krishna , Sung-Kyu Lim , Arijit Raychowdhury

The growing volume of data in modern applications has led to significant computational costs in conventional processor-centric systems. Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures alleviate these costs by moving computation closer to memory,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Geraldo F. Oliveira , Alain Kohli , David Novo , Ataberk Olgun , A. Giray Yaglikci , Saugata Ghose , Juan Gómez-Luna , Onur Mutlu

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures are emerging to reduce data movement in data-intensive applications. These architectures seek to exploit the same physical devices for both information storage and logic, thereby dwarfing the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Orian Leitersdorf , Ronny Ronen , Shahar Kvatinsky

Private information retrieval (PIR) is a cryptographic primitive that allows a client to securely query one or multiple servers without revealing their specific interests. In spite of their strong security guarantees, current PIR…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Mpoki Mwaisela , Peterson Yuhala , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

The widespread adoption of cloud-based solutions introduces privacy and security concerns. Techniques such as homomorphic encryption (HE) mitigate this problem by allowing computation over encrypted data without the need for decryption.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Mpoki Mwaisela , Joel Hari , Peterson Yuhala , Jämes Ménétrey , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

Processing In Memory (PIM) accelerators are promising architecture that can provide massive parallelization and high efficiency in various applications. Such architectures can instantaneously provide ultra-fast operation over extensive…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Kazi Abu Zubair , Sumit Kumar Jha , David Mohaisen , Clayton Hughes , Amro Awad

Processing in Memory (PIM) and similar terms such as Compute In Memory (CIM), Logic in Memory (LIM), In Memory Computing (IMC), and Near Memory Computing (NMC) have gained attention recently as a potentially ``revolutionary new'' technique.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Peter M. Kogge