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Instrumental variable methods are fundamental to causal inference when treatment assignment is confounded by unobserved variables. In this article, we develop a general nonparametric causal framework for identification and learning with…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-10 Shuyuan Chen , Peng Zhang , Yifan Cui

Linear mixed-effects models are widely used in analyzing clustered or repeated measures data. We propose a quasi-likelihood approach for estimation and inference of the unknown parameters in linear mixed-effects models with high-dimensional…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-10 Sai Li , Tony T. Cai , Hongzhe Li

Estimating individual-level treatment effect from observational data is a fundamental problem in causal inference and has attracted increasing attention in the fields of education, healthcare, and public policy.In this work, we concentrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Hui Meng , Keping Yang , Xuyu Peng , Bo Zheng

Difficulties may arise when analyzing longitudinal data using mixed-effects models if there are nonparametric functions present in the linear predictor component. This study extends the use of semiparametric mixed-effects modeling in cases…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-05 Mozhgan Taavoni , Mohammad Arashi

In this paper we develop inference for high dimensional linear models, with serially correlated errors. We examine Lasso under the assumption of strong mixing in the covariates and error process, allowing for fatter tails in their…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-10-05 Ilias Chronopoulos , Katerina Chrysikou , George Kapetanios

We consider a flexible semiparametric quantile regression model for analyzing high dimensional heterogeneous data. This model has several appealing features: (1) By considering different conditional quantiles, we may obtain a more complete…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-25 Ben Sherwood , Lan Wang

Causal inference has received great attention across different fields from economics, statistics, education, medicine, to machine learning. Within this area, inferring causal effects at individual level in observational studies has become…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-02-16 Thai Pham

Interactive fixed effects are routinely controlled for in linear panel models. While an analogous fixed effects (FE) estimator for nonlinear models has been available in the literature (Chen, Fernandez-Val and Weidner, 2021), it sees much…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-25 Andrei Zeleneev , Weisheng Zhang

Motivated by the problem of inferring the graph structure of functional connectivity networks from multi-level functional magnetic resonance imaging data, we develop a valid inference framework for high-dimensional graphical models that…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-18 Kun Yue , Eardi Lila , Ali Shojaie

We study regression discontinuity designs when covariates are included in the estimation. We examine local polynomial estimators that include discrete or continuous covariates in an additive separable way, but without imposing any…

Econometrics · Economics 2019-07-02 Sebastian Calonico , Matias D. Cattaneo , Max H. Farrell , Rocio Titiunik

When estimating causal effects from observational studies, researchers often need to adjust for many covariates to deconfound the non-causal relationship between exposure and outcome, among which many covariates are discrete. The behavior…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-07 Zhenghao Zeng , Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Yanjun Han , Edward H. Kennedy

This work concerns the estimation of multidimensional nonlinear regression models using multilayer perceptrons (MLPs). The main problem with such models is that we need to know the covariance matrix of the noise to get an optimal estimator.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-02-22 Joseph Rynkiewicz

We introduce a new method of estimation of parameters in semiparametric and nonparametric models. The method is based on estimating equations that are $U$-statistics in the observations. The $U$-statistics are based on higher order…

Nonlinear machine-learning models are increasingly used to discover causal relationships in time-series data, yet the interpretation of their outputs remains poorly understood. In particular, causal scores produced by regularized neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Valentina Kuskova , Dmitry Zaytsev , Michael Coppedge

Many high-dimensional data sets suffer from hidden confounding which affects both the predictors and the response of interest. In such situations, standard regression methods or algorithms lead to biased estimates. This paper substantially…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-17 Cyrill Scheidegger , Zijian Guo , Peter Bühlmann

We address the challenge of estimation in the context of constant linear effect models with dense functional responses. In this framework, the conditional expectation of the response curve is represented by a linear combination of…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-07 Pratim Guha Niyogi , Ping-Shou Zhong

We propose a new estimator for the high-dimensional linear regression model with observation error in the design where the number of coefficients is potentially larger than the sample size. The main novelty of our procedure is that the…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-09 Alexandre Belloni , Abhishek Kaul , Mathieu Rosenbaum

Estimating treatment effects from observational data is of central interest across numerous application domains. Individual treatment effect offers the most granular measure of treatment effect on an individual level, and is the most useful…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-06 Hengrui Cai , Huaqing Jin , Lexin Li

This paper studies a linear model for multidimensional panel data of three or more dimensions with unobserved interactive fixed-effects. The main estimator uses a Neyman-orthogonal approach, and requires two preliminary steps. First, the…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-06 Hugo Freeman

Regression discontinuity designs are frequently used to estimate the causal effect of election outcomes and policy interventions. In these contexts, treatment effects are typically estimated with covariates included to improve efficiency.…

Applications · Statistics 2020-05-06 L. Jason Anastasopoulos