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Artificial intelligence has shown significant promise in chest radiography, where deep learning models can approach radiologist-level diagnostic performance. Progress has been accelerated by large public datasets such as MIMIC-CXR,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Amy Rafferty , Ajitha Rajan

Large, labeled datasets have driven deep learning methods to achieve expert-level performance on a variety of medical imaging tasks. We present CheXpert, a large dataset that contains 224,316 chest radiographs of 65,240 patients. We design…

Deep learning approaches have demonstrated remarkable progress in automatic Chest X-ray analysis. The data-driven feature of deep models requires training data to cover a large distribution. Therefore, it is substantial to integrate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Luyang Luo , Lequan Yu , Hao Chen , Quande Liu , Xi Wang , Jiaqi Xu , Pheng-Ann Heng

The widely used ChestX-ray14 dataset addresses an important medical image classification problem and has the following caveats: 1) many lung pathologies are visually similar, 2) a variant of diseases including lung cancer, tuberculosis, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Zongyuan Ge , Dwarikanath Mahapatra , Suman Sedai , Rahil Garnavi , Rajib Chakravorty

We introduce MURA, a large dataset of musculoskeletal radiographs containing 40,561 images from 14,863 studies, where each study is manually labeled by radiologists as either normal or abnormal. To evaluate models robustly and to get an…

Automatic extraction of medical conditions from free-text radiology reports is critical for supervising computer vision models to interpret medical images. In this work, we show that radiologists labeling reports significantly disagree with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-16 Saahil Jain , Akshay Smit , Steven QH Truong , Chanh DT Nguyen , Minh-Thanh Huynh , Mudit Jain , Victoria A. Young , Andrew Y. Ng , Matthew P. Lungren , Pranav Rajpurkar

Chest X-rays (CXRs) are a medical imaging modality that is used to infer a large number of abnormalities. While it is hard to define an exhaustive list of these abnormalities, which may co-occur on a chest X-ray, few of them are quite…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-11 Arsh Verma

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The multiple chest x-ray datasets released in the last years have ground-truth labels intended for different computer vision tasks, suggesting that performance in automated chest-xray interpretation might improve…

The success of machine learning algorithms heavily relies on the quality of samples and the accuracy of their corresponding labels. However, building and maintaining large, high-quality datasets is an enormous task. This is especially true…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-02 Mohammad Tariqul Islam , Jason W. Fleischer

Modern deep learning implementations for medical imaging usually rely on large labeled datasets. These datasets are often difficult to obtain due to privacy concerns, high costs, and even scarcity of cases. In this paper, a label-efficient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-11 Heet Nitinkumar Dalsania

In this era of pandemic, the future of healthcare industry has never been more exciting. Artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI & ML) present opportunities to develop solutions that cater for very specific needs within the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-29 Aravind Sasidharan Pillai

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks have consistently proven to achieve state-of-the-art results on a lot of imaging tasks over the past years' majority of which comprise of high-quality data. However, it is important to work on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Snigdha Agarwal , Neelam Sinha

The development of successful artificial intelligence models for chest X-ray analysis relies on large, diverse datasets with high-quality annotations. While several databases of chest X-ray images have been released, most include disease…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-21 Nicolás Gaggion , Candelaria Mosquera , Lucas Mansilla , Julia Mariel Saidman , Martina Aineseder , Diego H. Milone , Enzo Ferrante

Chest radiography is an extremely powerful imaging modality, allowing for a detailed inspection of a patient's thorax, but requiring specialized training for proper interpretation. With the advent of high performance general purpose…

Deep learning for radiologic image analysis is a rapidly growing field in biomedical research and is likely to become a standard practice in modern medicine. On the publicly available NIH ChestX-ray14 dataset, containing X-ray images that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-25 Daniel J. Strick , Carlos Garcia , Anthony Huang , Thomas Gardos

Recent works have revisited the infamous task ``Name That Dataset'', demonstrating that non-medical datasets contain underlying biases and that the dataset origin task can be solved with high accuracy. In this work, we revisit the same task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Ethan Dack , Chengliang Dai

Chest radiography is the most common radiographic examination performed in daily clinical practice for the detection of various heart and lung abnormalities. The large amount of data to be read and reported, with more than 100 studies per…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Sebastian Gündel , Arnaud A. A. Setio , Florin C. Ghesu , Sasa Grbic , Bogdan Georgescu , Andreas Maier , Dorin Comaniciu

The astounding success made by artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare and other fields proves that AI can achieve human-like performance. However, success always comes with challenges. Deep learning algorithms are data-dependent and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-25 Johann Li , Guangming Zhu , Cong Hua , Mingtao Feng , BasheerBennamoun , Ping Li , Xiaoyuan Lu , Juan Song , Peiyi Shen , Xu Xu , Lin Mei , Liang Zhang , Syed Afaq Ali Shah , Mohammed Bennamoun

With the rise and ever-increasing potential of deep learning techniques in recent years, publicly available medical datasets became a key factor to enable reproducible development of diagnostic algorithms in the medical domain. Medical data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Kai Packhäuser , Sebastian Gündel , Nicolas Münster , Christopher Syben , Vincent Christlein , Andreas Maier

X-ray is one of the prevalent image modalities for the detection and diagnosis of the human body. X-ray provides an actual anatomical structure of an organ present with disease or absence of disease. Segmentation of disease in chest X-ray…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-21 Nand Lal Yadav , Satyendra Singh , Rajesh Kumar , Sudhakar Singh
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