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Oversmoothing is a common phenomenon observed in graph neural networks (GNNs), in which an increase in the network depth leads to a deterioration in their performance. Graph contrastive learning (GCL) is emerging as a promising way of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Jintang Li , Wangbin Sun , Ruofan Wu , Yuchang Zhu , Liang Chen , Zibin Zheng

Oversmoothing is a central challenge of building more powerful Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). While previous works have only demonstrated that oversmoothing is inevitable when the number of graph convolutions tends to infinity, in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Xinyi Wu , Zhengdao Chen , William Wang , Ali Jadbabaie

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved a lot of success on graph-structured data. However, it is observed that the performance of graph neural networks does not improve as the number of layers increases. This effect, known as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Chen Cai , Yusu Wang

Subgraph matching is to find all subgraphs in a data graph that are isomorphic to an existing query graph. Subgraph matching is an NP-hard problem, yet has found its applications in many areas. Many learning-based methods have been proposed…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Zixun Lan , Ye Ma , Limin Yu , LingLong Yuan , Fei Ma

While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful models for learning representations on graphs, most state-of-the-art models do not have significant accuracy gain beyond two to three layers. Deep GNNs fundamentally need to address: 1).…

Deep neural networks are learning models with a very high capacity and therefore prone to over-fitting. Many regularization techniques such as Dropout, DropConnect, and weight decay all attempt to solve the problem of over-fitting by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Armen Aghajanyan

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have achieved impressive empirical advancement across a wide variety of semi-supervised node classification tasks. Despite their great success, training GCNs on large graphs suffers from computational and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Weilin Cong , Morteza Ramezani , Mehrdad Mahdavi

Graph Attention Networks (GATs) are the state-of-the-art neural architecture for representation learning with graphs. GATs learn attention functions that assign weights to nodes so that different nodes have different influences in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Guangtao Wang , Rex Ying , Jing Huang , Jure Leskovec

Graph convolutional networks have been successfully applied in various graph-based tasks. In a typical graph convolutional layer, node features are updated by aggregating neighborhood information. Repeatedly applying graph convolutions can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Haimin Zhang , Min Xu , Guoqiang Zhang , Kenta Niwa

Over-squashing and over-smoothing are two critical issues, that limit the capabilities of graph neural networks (GNNs). While over-smoothing eliminates the differences between nodes making them indistinguishable, over-squashing refers to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Cedric Sanders , Andreas Roth , Thomas Liebig

Oversmoothing is a common challenge in learning graph neural networks (GNN), where, as layers increase, embedding features learned from GNNs quickly become similar or indistinguishable, making them incapable of differentiating network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Yufei Jin , Xingquan Zhu

Hyperbolic graph convolutional networks (HGCNs) have demonstrated representational capabilities of modeling hierarchical-structured graphs. However, as in general GCNs, over-smoothing may occur as the number of model layers increases,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Yangkai Xue , Jindou Dai , Zhipeng Lu , Yuwei Wu , Yunde Jia

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable empirical success in processing and representing graph-structured data across various domains. However, a significant challenge known as "oversmoothing" persists, where vertex features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Ziang Chen , Zhengjiang Lin , Shi Chen , Yury Polyanskiy , Philippe Rigollet

Previous studies have demonstrated the strong performance of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in node classification. However, most existing GNNs adopt a node-centric perspective and rely on global message passing, leading to high computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Qian Zeng , Xin Lin , Jingyi Gao , Yang Yu

Graph Neural Networks are powerful models for learning from graph-structured data, yet their effectiveness is often limited by two critical challenges: over-squashing, where information from distant nodes is excessively compressed, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Hugo Attali , Nathalie Pernelle , Davide Buscaldi , Fragkiskos D. Malliaros

Graph Neural Networks are powerful models for learning from graph-structured data, yet their effectiveness is often limited by two critical challenges: over-squashing, where information from distant nodes is excessively compressed, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Hugo Attali , Davide Buscaldi , Nathalie Pernelle , Fragkiskos D. Malliaros

Collaborative filtering methods based on graph neural networks (GNNs) have witnessed significant success in recommender systems (RS), capitalizing on their ability to capture collaborative signals within intricate user-item relationships…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Wei Wu , Chao Wang , Dazhong Shen , Chuan Qin , Liyi Chen , Hui Xiong

Graph, as an important data representation, is ubiquitous in many real world applications ranging from social network analysis to biology. How to correctly and effectively learn and extract information from graph is essential for a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Xiaodong Jiang , Ronghang Zhu , Pengsheng Ji , Sheng Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown to be powerful tools for graph analytics. The key idea is to recursively propagate and aggregate information along edges of the given graph. Despite their success, however, the existing GNNs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Dongsheng Luo , Wei Cheng , Wenchao Yu , Bo Zong , Jingchao Ni , Haifeng Chen , Xiang Zhang

Implicit Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved significant success in addressing graph learning problems recently. However, poorly designed implicit GNN layers may have limited adaptability to learn graph metrics, experience…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Guoji Fu , Mohammed Haroon Dupty , Yanfei Dong , Lee Wee Sun
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