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Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models have achieved state-of-the-art performance on multiple learning tasks, from vision to natural language modelling. With the growing adoption of ML and DL to many areas of computer science,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Anshuman Chhabra , Abhishek Roy , Prasant Mohapatra

Adversarial transferability refers to the capacity of adversarial examples generated on the surrogate model to deceive alternate, unexposed victim models. This property eliminates the need for direct access to the victim model during an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Xiaosen Wang , Zhijin Ge , Bohan Liu , Zheng Fang , Fengfan Zhou , Ruixuan Zhang , Shaokang Wang , Yuyang Luo

We present a new method for black-box adversarial attack. Unlike previous methods that combined transfer-based and scored-based methods by using the gradient or initialization of a surrogate white-box model, this new method tries to learn a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Zhichao Huang , Tong Zhang

Recent advances in mechanistic interpretability suggest that intermediate attention layers encode token-level hypotheses that are iteratively refined toward the final output. In this work, we exploit this property to generate adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Kaustubh Dhole

Black-box adversarial attack has attracted a lot of research interests for its practical use in AI safety. Compared with the white-box attack, a black-box setting is more difficult for less available information related to the attacked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Linjun Zhou , Peng Cui , Yinan Jiang , Shiqiang Yang

Adversarial examples (AEs) with small adversarial perturbations can mislead deep neural networks (DNNs) into wrong predictions. The AEs created on one DNN can also fool another DNN. Over the last few years, the transferability of AEs has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Wenqian Yu , Jindong Gu , Zhijiang Li , Philip Torr

Strong adversarial examples are crucial for evaluating and enhancing the robustness of deep neural networks. However, the performance of popular attacks is usually sensitive, for instance, to minor image transformations, stemming from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Zhengwei Fang , Rui Wang , Tao Huang , Liping Jing

Deep neural networks obtain state-of-the-art performance on a series of tasks. However, they are easily fooled by adding a small adversarial perturbation to input. The perturbation is often human imperceptible on image data. We observe a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Puyudi Yang , Jianbo Chen , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Jane-Ling Wang , Michael I. Jordan

The growing interest for adversarial examples, i.e. maliciously modified examples which fool a classifier, has resulted in many defenses intended to detect them, render them inoffensive or make the model more robust against them. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Rémi Bernhard , Pierre-Alain Moellic , Jean-Max Dutertre

Note that this paper is superceded by "Black-Box Adversarial Attacks with Limited Queries and Information." Current neural network-based image classifiers are susceptible to adversarial examples, even in the black-box setting, where the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-09 Andrew Ilyas , Logan Engstrom , Anish Athalye , Jessy Lin

Adversarial examples (AE) with good transferability enable practical black-box attacks on diverse target models, where insider knowledge about the target models is not required. Previous methods often generate AE with no or very limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Tao Wu , Tie Luo , Donald C. Wunsch

Transfer-based attacks pose a significant threat to real-world applications by directly targeting victim models with adversarial examples generated on surrogate models. While numerous approaches have been proposed to enhance adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Bohan Liu , Xiaosen Wang

Deep neural networks are powerful and popular learning models that achieve state-of-the-art pattern recognition performance on many computer vision, speech, and language processing tasks. However, these networks have also been shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-20 Nina Narodytska , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan

Deep neural networks are susceptible to adversarial examples while suffering from incorrect predictions via imperceptible perturbations. Transfer-based attacks create adversarial examples for surrogate models and transfer these examples to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Jinjia Peng , Zeze Tao , Huibing Wang , Meng Wang , Yang Wang

We consider the blackbox transfer-based targeted adversarial attack threat model in the realm of deep neural network (DNN) image classifiers. Rather than focusing on crossing decision boundaries at the output layer of the source model, our…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Nathan Inkawhich , Kevin J Liang , Binghui Wang , Matthew Inkawhich , Lawrence Carin , Yiran Chen

Though deep neural networks perform challenging tasks excellently, they are susceptible to adversarial examples, which mislead classifiers by applying human-imperceptible perturbations on clean inputs. Under the query-free black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Zifei Zhang , Kai Qiao , Jian Chen , Ningning Liang

We consider adversarial attacks to a black-box model when no queries are allowed. In this setting, many methods directly attack surrogate models and transfer the obtained adversarial examples to fool the target model. Plenty of previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Yunxiao Qin , Yuanhao Xiong , Jinfeng Yi , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples crafted by applying human-imperceptible perturbations on clean inputs. Although many attack methods can achieve high success rates in the white-box setting, they also exhibit weak…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Zhijin Ge , Fanhua Shang , Hongying Liu , Yuanyuan Liu , Liang Wan , Wei Feng , Xiaosen Wang

Transfer-based attack adopts the adversarial examples generated on the surrogate model to attack various models, making it applicable in the physical world and attracting increasing interest. Recently, various adversarial attacks have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Zhijin Ge , Hongying Liu , Xiaosen Wang , Fanhua Shang , Yuanyuan Liu

Growing at a fast pace, modern autonomous systems will soon be deployed at scale, opening up the possibility for cooperative multi-agent systems. Sharing information and distributing workloads allow autonomous agents to better perform tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-13 James Tu , Tsunhsuan Wang , Jingkang Wang , Sivabalan Manivasagam , Mengye Ren , Raquel Urtasun