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Sketching is an important activity in any design process. Designers and stakeholders share their ideas through hand-drawn sketches. These sketches are further used to create 3D models. Current methods to generate 3D models from sketches are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Nitish Bhardwaj , Dhornala Bharadwaj , Alpana Dubey

With recent advancements in the capabilities of Text-to-Image (T2I) AI models, product designers have begun experimenting with them in their work. However, T2I models struggle to interpret abstract language and the current user experience…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-31 David Chuan-En Lin , Hyeonsu B. Kang , Nikolas Martelaro , Aniket Kittur , Yan-Ying Chen , Matthew K. Hong

Multimodal UI design and development tools that interpret sketches or natural language descriptions of UIs inherently have notations: the inputs they can understand. In AI-based systems, notations are implicitly defined by the data used to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Sam H. Ross , Yunseo Lee , Coco K. Lee , Jayne Everson , R. Benjamin Shapiro

Computing students increasingly rely on generative AI tools for programming assistance, often without formal instruction or guidance. This highlights a need to teach students how to effectively interact with AI models, particularly through…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Victor-Alexandru Pădurean , Paul Denny , Alkis Gotovos , Adish Singla

Hand-drawn sketches are a natural and efficient medium for capturing and conveying ideas. Despite significant advancements in controllable natural image generation, translating freehand sketches into structured, machine-readable diagrams…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Cheng Tan , Qi Chen , Jingxuan Wei , Gaowei Wu , Zhangyang Gao , Siyuan Li , Bihui Yu , Ruifeng Guo , Stan Z. Li

Sketch2Prototype is an AI-based framework that transforms a hand-drawn sketch into a diverse set of 2D images and 3D prototypes through sketch-to-text, text-to-image, and image-to-3D stages. This framework, shown across various sketches,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Kristen M. Edwards , Brandon Man , Faez Ahmed

When designing a program, both novice programmers and seasoned developers alike often sketch out -- or, perhaps more famously, whiteboard -- their ideas. Yet despite the introduction of natively multimodal Generative AI models, work on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-12 David H. Smith , S. Moonwara A. Monisha , Annapurna Vadaparty , Leo Porter , Daniel Zingaro

Sketching is inherently a sequential process, in which strokes are drawn in a meaningful order to explore and refine ideas. However, most generative models treat sketches as static images, overlooking the temporal structure that underlies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Hui Ren , Yuval Alaluf , Omer Bar Tal , Alexander Schwing , Antonio Torralba , Yael Vinker

Large-scale distributed training of neural networks is often limited by network bandwidth, wherein the communication time overwhelms the local computation time. Motivated by the success of sketching methods in sub-linear/streaming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-24 Nikita Ivkin , Daniel Rothchild , Enayat Ullah , Vladimir Braverman , Ion Stoica , Raman Arora

Significant progress has recently been made in creative applications of large pre-trained models for downstream tasks in 3D vision, such as text-to-shape generation. This motivates our investigation of how these pre-trained models can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Aditya Sanghi , Pradeep Kumar Jayaraman , Arianna Rampini , Joseph Lambourne , Hooman Shayani , Evan Atherton , Saeid Asgari Taghanaki

Sketch animations offer a powerful medium for visual storytelling, from simple flip-book doodles to professional studio productions. While traditional animation requires teams of skilled artists to draw key frames and in-between frames,…

Graphics · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Hmrishav Bandyopadhyay , Yi-Zhe Song

This paper unravels the potential of sketches for diffusion models, addressing the deceptive promise of direct sketch control in generative AI. We importantly democratise the process, enabling amateur sketches to generate precise images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Subhadeep Koley , Ayan Kumar Bhunia , Deeptanshu Sekhri , Aneeshan Sain , Pinaki Nath Chowdhury , Tao Xiang , Yi-Zhe Song

Text-to-image diffusion models are gradually introduced into computer graphics, recently enabling the development of Text-to-3D pipelines in an open domain. However, for interactive editing purposes, local manipulations of content through a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Aryan Mikaeili , Or Perel , Mehdi Safaee , Daniel Cohen-Or , Ali Mahdavi-Amiri

To use assistive robots in everyday life, a remote control system with common devices, such as 2D devices, is helpful to control the robots anytime and anywhere as intended. Hand-drawn sketches are one of the intuitive ways to control…

We present CoGS, a novel method for the style-conditioned, sketch-driven synthesis of images. CoGS enables exploration of diverse appearance possibilities for a given sketched object, enabling decoupled control over the structure and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Cusuh Ham , Gemma Canet Tarres , Tu Bui , James Hays , Zhe Lin , John Collomosse

Recent advances in implicit neural representations have made them a popular choice for modeling 3D geometry, achieving impressive results in tasks such as shape representation, reconstruction, and learning priors. However, directly editing…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Fizza Rubab , Yiying Tong

Computer programming initially required humans to directly translate their goals into machine code. These goals could have easily been expressed as a written (or human) language directive. Computers, however, had no capacity to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Justin Del Vecchio , Andrew Perreault , Eliana Furmanek

Character design in games involves interdisciplinary collaborations, typically between designers who create the narrative content, and illustrators who realize the design vision. However, traditional workflows face challenges in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Long Ling , Xinyi Chen , Ruoyu Wen , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Ray LC

Scientific sketches (e.g., models) offer a powerful lens into students' conceptual understanding, yet AI-powered automated assessment of such free-form, visually diverse artifacts remains a critical challenge. Existing solutions often treat…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Ehsan Latif , Zirak Khan , Xiaoming Zhai

People naturally sketch strokes over graphical scenes to convey scene changes. We propose automatically interpreting these strokes to execute scene changes with squidgets (sketch-widgets), a novel sketch-based UI framework for direct scene…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Joonho Kim , Fanny Chevalier , Karan Singh
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