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Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) facilitate decentralized computations across trust boundaries. However, ensuring complex computations with low gas fees and confidentiality remains challenging. Recent advances in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Fernando Castillo , Jonathan Heiss , Sebastian Werner , Stefan Tai

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are critical components of modern secure computing, providing isolated zones in processors to safeguard sensitive data and execute secure operations. Despite their importance, TEEs are increasingly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Aaron Joy , Ben Soh , Zhi Zhang , Sri Parameswaran , Darshana Jayasinghe

Confidential Computing has emerged to address data security challenges in cloud-centric deployments by protecting data in use through hardware-level isolation. However, reliance on a single hardware root of trust (RoT) limits user…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Ketong Shang , Jiangnan Lin , Yu Qin , Muyan Shen , Hongzhan Ma , Wei Feng , Dengguo Feng

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) provide hardware-enforced isolation that protects sensitive code and data from untrusted software. Despite their strong security guarantees, analyzing TEE applications remains challenging due to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Chengyan Ma , Jieke Shi , Ruidong Han , Ye Liu , Yuqing Niu , David Lo

Attestation is a fundamental building block to establish trust over software systems. When used in conjunction with trusted execution environments, it guarantees the genuineness of the code executed against powerful attackers and threats,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Jämes Ménétrey , Christian Göttel , Anum Khurshid , Marcelo Pasin , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni , Shahid Raza

With the growing reliance on cloud-based quantum computing, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of quantum computations is paramount. Quantum Trusted Execution Environments (QTEEs) have been proposed to protect users' quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-14 Theodoros Trochatos , Jakub Szefer

Confidential Virtual Machines (CVMs) protect data in use by running workloads within hardware-enforced Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs). However, existing CVM attestation mechanisms only certify what code is running, not where it is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Filip Rezabek , Moe Mahhouk , Andrew Miller , Quintus Kilbourn , Georg Carle , Jonathan Passerat-Palmbach

Sensitive computation often has to be performed in a trusted execution environment (TEE), which, in turn, requires tamper-proof hardware. If the computational fabric can be tampered with, we may no longer be able to trust the correctness of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-11-09 Yan Michalevsky , Yonatan Winetraub

Embedded devices face an ever-expanding threat landscape: vulnerabilities in application software, operating system kernels, and peripherals threaten the embedded device integrity. Existing computer-architectural defenses fully consider at…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Eric Ackermann , Sven Bugiel

Entropy--a measure of randomness--is compulsory for the generation of secure cryptographic keys; however, Internet of Things (IoT) devices that are small or constrained often struggle to collect suf ficient entropy. In this article, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Arttu Paju , Juha Nurmi , Alejandro Cabrera Aldaya , Nicola Tuveri , Juha Savimäki , Marko Kivikangas , Brian McGillion

In recent years, the increasing awareness of cybersecurity has led to a heightened focus on information security within hardware devices and products. Incorporating Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) into product designs has become a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Chun-I Fan , Li-En Chang , Cheng-Han Shie

Significant progress has been made in scene understanding which seeks to build 3D, metric and object-oriented representations of the world. Concurrently, reinforcement learning has made impressive strides largely enabled by advances in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Zachary Ravichandran , J. Daniel Griffith , Benjamin Smith , Costas Frost

Trusted Execution Environments (TEE) are used to safeguard on-device models. However, directly employing TEEs to secure the entire DNN model is challenging due to the limited computational speed. Utilizing GPU can accelerate DNN's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Ding Li , Ziqi Zhang , Mengyu Yao , Yifeng Cai , Yao Guo , Xiangqun Chen

Autonomous and robotic systems are increasingly being trusted with sensitive activities with potentially serious consequences if that trust is broken. Runtime verification techniques present a natural source of inspiration for monitoring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Robert Abela , Christian Colombo , Axel Curmi , Mattea Fenech , Mark Vella , Angelo Ferrando

Users can improve the security of remote communications by using Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) to protect against direct introspection and tampering of sensitive data. This can even be done with applications coded in high-level…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Hyun Bin Lee , Tushar M. Jois , Christopher W. Fletcher , Carl A. Gunter

Trusted executions environments (TEEs) such as Intel(R) SGX provide hardware-isolated execution areas in memory, called enclaves. By running only the most trusted application components in the enclave, TEEs enable developers to minimize the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Marcela S. Melara , Michael J. Freedman , Mic Bowman

Enterprise software supply chains are increasingly vulnerable to infrastructure attacks, resulting in financial and reputational damage. Ensuring the integrity and provenance of software artifacts remains a significant challenge, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Fernando Castillo , Eduardo Brito , Pille Pullonen-Raudvere , Sebastian Werner , Stefan Tai

Trusted execution environments (TEEs) are an integral part of modern secure processors. They ensure that their application and code pages are confidential, tamper proof and immune to diverse types of attacks. In 2021, Intel suddenly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Ani Sunny , Nivedita Shrivastava , Smruti R. Sarangi

High-confidence computing relies on trusted instructional set architecture, sealed kernels, and secure operating systems. Cloud computing depends on trusted systems for virtualization tasks. Branch predictions and pipelines are essential in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Shuangbao Paul Wang

Protecting sensitive information in data-driven collaborations, such as AI training, while meeting the diverse requirements of multiple mutually distrusted stakeholders, is both crucial and challenging. This paper presents Styx, a novel…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Shixuan Zhao , Weicheng Wang , Ninghui Li , Zhiqiang Lin