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The crux of resolving fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) lies in capturing discriminative and class-specific cues that correspond to subtle visual characteristics. Recently, frequency decomposition/transform based approaches have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Qin Xu , Lili Zhu , Xiaoxia Cheng , Bo Jiang

A customizable method (OPTIKS) for designing fast trajectory-constrained gradient waveforms with optimized time domain properties was developed. Given a specified multidimensional k-space trajectory, the method optimizes traversal speed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-08 Matthew A. McCready , Xiaozhi Cao , Kawin Setsompop , John M. Pauly , Adam B. Kerr

Fourier extension is an approximation scheme in which a function on an arbitary bounded domain is approximated using a classical Fourier series on a bounding box. On the smaller domain the Fourier series exhibits redundancy, and it has the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-06-16 Roel Matthysen , Daan Huybrechs

Physical models with uncertain inputs are commonly represented as parametric partial differential equations (PDEs). That is, PDEs with inputs that are expressed as functions of parameters with an associated probability distribution.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-15 Benjamin M. Kent , Catherine E. Powell , David J. Silvester , Małgorzata J. Zimoń

Dimension reduction techniques for multivariate time series decompose the observed series into a few useful independent/orthogonal univariate components. We develop a spectral domain method for multivariate second-order stationary time…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-12 Raanju R. Sundararajan

Understanding, optimizing, and controlling the optical absorption process, exciton gemination, and electron-hole separation and conduction in low dimensional systems is a fundamental problem in materials science. However, robust and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Keenan Lyon , María Rosa Preciado-Rivas , Duncan John Mowbray , Vito Despoja

In this manuscript we investigate the capabilities of the Discrete Dipole Approximation (DDA) to simulate scattering from particles that are much larger than the wavelength of the incident light, and describe an optimized publicly available…

Optics · Physics 2007-05-23 Maxim A. Yurkin , Valeri P. Maltsev , Alfons G. Hoekstra

The Doppler effect of light was implemented by interference with a reference wave to infer linear velocities in early manifestations, and more recently lateral and angular velocities with scalar phase structured light. A consequence of the…

Optics · Physics 2019-12-10 Liang Fang , Zhenyu Wan , Andrew Forbes , Jian Wang

Rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) is a very effective tool for the studying optical properties of multilayered vertically invariant periodic structures. However, it fails to deal with arrays of small particles because of high gradients…

Optics · Physics 2019-10-08 Ilia M. Fradkin , Sergey A. Dyakov , Nikolay A. Gippius

In the domain of computer vision, optical flow stands as a cornerstone for unraveling dynamic visual scenes. However, the challenge of accurately estimating optical flow under conditions of large nonlinear motion patterns remains an open…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Chanuka Algama , Kasun Amarasinghe

Variational methods in imaging are nowadays developing towards a quite universal and flexible tool, allowing for highly successful approaches on tasks like denoising, deblurring, inpainting, segmentation, super-resolution, disparity, and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-12-16 Martin Burger , Alex Sawatzky , Gabriele Steidl

In several areas of optics and photonics like wave propagation, digital holography, holographic microscopy, diffraction imaging, biomedical imaging and diffractive optics, the behavior of the electromagnetic waves has to be calculated with…

Optics · Physics 2018-02-14 Soheil Mehrabkhani , Thomas Schneider

Sub-wavelength diffractive optics meta-optics present a multi-scale optical system, where the behavior of constituent sub-wavelength scatterers, or meta-atoms, need to be modelled by full-wave electromagnetic simulations, whereas the whole…

In this work we use multiple scattering in conjunction with a genetic algorithm to reliably determine the optimized photonic-crystal-based structure able to perform a specific optical task. The genetic algorithm operates on a population of…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 L. Sanchis , A. Hakansson , D. Lopez-Zenon , J. Bravo-Abad , J. Sanchez-Dehesa

We present an accurate, efficient and massively parallel finite-element code, DFT-FE, for large-scale ab-initio calculations (reaching $\sim 100,000$ electrons) using Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT). DFT-FE is based on a local…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Phani Motamarri , Sambit Das , Shiva Rudraraju , Krishnendu Ghosh , Denis Davydov , Vikram Gavini

Adapting large-scale pre-trained generative models in a parameter-efficient manner is gaining traction. Traditional methods like low rank adaptation achieve parameter efficiency by imposing constraints but may not be optimal for tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Xinxi Zhang , Song Wen , Ligong Han , Felix Juefei-Xu , Akash Srivastava , Junzhou Huang , Hao Wang , Molei Tao , Dimitris N. Metaxas

We investigate a local modification of a variable-order fractional wave equation, which describes the propagation of diffusive wave in viscoelastic media with evolving physical property. We incorporate an equivalent formulation to prove the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Jinhong Jia , Chuanting Jiang , Yiqun Li , Mengmeng Liu , Wenlin Qiu

Gradient-based methods are well-suited for derivative-free optimization (DFO), where finite-difference (FD) estimates are commonly used as gradient surrogates. Traditional stochastic approximation methods, such as Kiefer-Wolfowitz (KW) and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Guo Liang , Guangwu Liu , Kun Zhang

Diffractive optical neural networks (DONNs) have been emerging as a high-throughput and energy-efficient hardware platform to perform all-optical machine learning (ML) in machine vision systems. However, the current demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Ruiyang Chen , Yingheng Tang , Jianzhu Ma , Weilu Gao

Optical metasurfaces (subwavelength-patterned surfaces typically described by variable effective surface impedances) are typically modeled by an approximation akin to ray optics: the reflection or transmission of an incident wave at each…