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Quantum Error Correction (QEC) is essential for future quantum computers due to its ability to exponentially suppress physical errors. The surface code is a leading error-correcting code candidate because of its local topological structure,…

In this paper, we explore the relationship between the width of a qubit lattice constrained in one dimension and physical thresholds for scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computation. To circumvent the traditionally low thresholds of small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-15 Alexis T. E. Shaw , Michael J. Bremner , Alexandru Paler , Daniel Herr , Simon J. Devitt

We present and benchmark an interesting circuit family which we call diamond circuits, that use a mid-cycle construction built around the subsystem surface code to implement a surface code on a Lieb or "Heavy-Square" lattice. This makes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-17 Dripto M. Debroy

PhD thesis investigating homological quantum codes derived from curved and higher dimensional geometries. In the first part we will consider closed surfaces with constant negative curvature. We show how such surfaces can be constructed and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-06 Nikolas P. Breuckmann

In this short review, I draw attention to new developments in the theory of fault tolerance in quantum computation that may give concrete direction to future work in the development of superconducting qubit systems. The basics of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 David P. DiVincenzo

Topological color codes defined by the 4.8.8 semiregular lattice feature geometrically local check operators and admit transversal implementation of the entire Clifford group, making them promising candidates for fault-tolerant quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-14 Ashley M. Stephens

Quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes are a promising construction for drastically reducing the overhead of fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) architectures. However, all of the known hardware implementations of these codes…

The magic state injection process is a critical component of fault-tolerant quantum computing, and numerous studies have been conducted on this topic. Many existing studies have focused on square-lattice structures, where each qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-30 Hansol Kim , Wonjae Choi , Younghun Kwon

Practical quantum advantage is expected to depend on fault-tolerant quantum computing, although the architectural overhead needed to support fault tolerance is still extremely high. Prior FTQC designs generally emphasize either fast…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Archisman Ghosh , Avimita Chatterjee , Swaroop Ghosh

A central goal in quantum error correction is to reduce the overhead of fault-tolerant quantum computing by increasing noise thresholds and reducing the number of physical qubits required to sustain a logical qubit. We introduce a potential…

Attaining fault tolerance while maintaining low overhead is one of the main challenges in a practical implementation of quantum circuits. One major technique that can overcome this problem is the flag technique, in which high-weight errors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-12 Theerapat Tansuwannont , Debbie Leung

We prove several theorems characterizing the existence of homological error correction codes both classically and quantumly. Not every classical code is homological, but we find a family of classical homological codes saturating the Hamming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 H. Bombin , M. A. Martin-Delgado

Error syndromes for heavy hexagonal code and other topological codes such as surface code have typically been decoded by using Minimum Weight Perfect Matching (MWPM) based methods. Recent advances have shown that topological codes can be…

Hypergraph product (HGP) codes are one of the most popular family of quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Circuit-level simulations show that they can achieve the same logical error rate as surface codes with a reduced qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-23 Arda Aydin , Nicolas Delfosse , Edwin Tham

In the absence of fault tolerant quantum error correction for analog, Hamiltonian quantum computation, error suppression via energy penalties is an effective alternative. We construct families of distance-$2$ stabilizer subsystem codes we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Phattharaporn Singkanipa , Zihan Xia , Daniel A. Lidar

We introduce a new type of sparse CSS quantum error correcting code based on the homology of hypermaps. Sparse quantum error correcting codes are of interest in the building of quantum computers due to their ease of implementation and the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-22 Martin Leslie

Trapped ion (TI) qubits are a leading quantum computing platform. Current TI systems have less than 60 qubits, but a modular architecture known as the Quantum Charge-Coupled Device (QCCD) is a promising path to scale up devices. There is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Scott Jones , Prakash Murali

Color codes are a class of topological quantum codes with a high error threshold and large set of transversal encoded gates, and are thus suitable for fault tolerant quantum computation in two-dimensional architectures. Recently,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-17 Pradeep Sarvepalli , Robert Raussendorf

We present a scalable framework for accurately modeling many-body interactions in surface-code quantum processor units (QPUs). Combining a concise diagrammatic formalism with high-precision numerical methods, our approach efficiently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Xuexin Xu , Kuljeet Kaur , Chloé Vignes , Mohammad H. Ansari , John M. Martinis

Quantum error correction (QEC) and fault-tolerant (FT) mechanisms are essential for reliable quantum computing. However, QEC considerably increases the computation size up to four orders of magnitude. Moreover, FT implementation has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-20 L. Lao , B. van Wee , I. Ashraf , J. van Someren , N. Khammassi , K. Bertels , C. G. Almudever