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The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is widely regarded as a promising algorithm for calculating ground states of quantum systems that are intractable for classical computers. This promise is typically motivated by the hope of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Manuel Hagelueken , David A. Kreplin , Florian Wieland , Marco F. Huber , Marco Roth

Current and near-term quantum hardware is constrained by limited qubit counts, circuit depth, and the high cost of repeated measurements. We address these challenges for solid state Hamiltonians by introducing a logarithmic-qubit encoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Martin Plesch , Martin Friák , Ijaz Ahamed Mohammad

Quantum computers can be used to address molecular structure, materials science and condensed matter physics problems, which currently stretch the limits of existing high-performance computing resources. Finding exact numerical solutions to…

Variational Quantum Eigensolvers (VQEs) are a powerful class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms designed to approximate the ground state of a quantum system described by its Hamiltonian. VQEs hold promise for various applications,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-04 Kim A. Nicoli , Luca J. Wagner , Lena Funcke

Due to the limitations of present-day quantum hardware, it is especially critical to design algorithms that make the best possible use of available resources. When simulating quantum many-body systems on a quantum computer, straightforward…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Olivia Di Matteo , Anna McCoy , Peter Gysbers , Takayuki Miyagi , R. M. Woloshyn , Petr Navrátil

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is one of the most promising and widely used algorithms for exploiting the capabilities of current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. However, VQE algorithms suffer from a plethora of…

The emerging field of quantum simulation of many-body systems is widely recognized as a very important application of quantum computing. A crucial step towards its realization in the context of many-electron systems requires a rigorous…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2021-08-23 Sumeet , V. S. Prasannaa , B. P. Das , B. K. Sahoo

This work studies the variational quantum eigensolver algorithm, designed to determine the ground state of a quantum mechanical system by combining classical and quantum hardware. Methods of reducing the number of required qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-01 R. J. P. T. de Keijzer , V. E. Colussi , B. Škorić , S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans

Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a hybrid algorithm for finding the minimum eigenvalue/vector of a given Hamiltonian by optimizing a parametrized quantum circuit (PQC) using a classical computer. Sequential optimization methods,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-17 Katsuhiro Endo , Yuki Sato , Rudy Raymond , Kaito Wada , Naoki Yamamoto , Hiroshi C. Watanabe

Hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithms such as the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) are promising applications for noisy, intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-13 William M. Kirby , Peter J. Love

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE), as a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm, is an important tool for effective quantum computing in the current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. However, the traditional hardware-efficient…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-20 Shaohui Yao , Wenyu Wang

Quantum systems have historically been formidable to simulate using classical computational methods, particularly as the system size grows. In recent years, advancements in quantum computing technology have offered new opportunities for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-06 Jinao Wang , Rimika Jaiswal

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm, designed to calculate the energy of molecular ground states on near-term quantum computers, requires specification of symmetries that describe the system, e.g. spin state and number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-18 Gabriel Greene-Diniz , David Muñoz Ramo

In an ideal quantum measurement, the wave function of a quantum system collapses to an eigenstate of the measured observable, and the corresponding eigenvalue determines the measurement outcome. If the observable commutes with the system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-13 Dayou Yang , Andrey Grankin , Lukas M. Sieberer , Denis V. Vasilyev , Peter Zoller

Variational approaches, such as variational Monte Carlo (VMC) or the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), are powerful techniques to tackle the ground-state many-electron problem. Often, the family of variational states is not invariant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-10 Javier Robledo Moreno , Jeffrey Cohn , Dries Sels , Mario Motta

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a promising quantum algorithm for applications in chemistry within the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. The ability for a quantum computer to simulate electronic structures with high…

A family of Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) methods is designed to maximize the resource of existing noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. However, VQE approaches encounter various difficulties in simulating molecules of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-08-16 M. D. Sapova , A. K. Fedorov

We present high-precision quantum computing simulations of three-body atoms (He, H$^-$) and molecules (H$_2^+$, HD$^+$), the latter being studied beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The Non-Iterative Disentangled Unitary Coupled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Mohammad Haidar , Hugo D. Nogueira , J. -Ph. Karr

We propose a momentum-space based variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) framework for simulating quasiparticle excitations in interacting quantum many-body systems on near-term quantum devices. Leveraging translational invariance and other…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-24 Saavanth Velury , Yuxuan Wang

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for finding the minimum eigenvalue of a Hamiltonian that involves the optimization of a parameterized quantum circuit. Since the resulting optimization…

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