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Testing individuals for pathogens can affect the spread of epidemics. Understanding how individual-level processes of sampling and reporting test results can affect community- or population-level spread is a dynamical modeling question. The…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-07-20 Ali Gharouni , F. M. Abdelmalek , David J. D. Earn , Jonathan Dushoff , Benjamin M. Bolker

Different pathogens spreading in the same host population often generate complex co-circulation dynamics because of the many possible interactions between the pathogens and the host immune system, the host life cycle, and the space…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-12-18 Chiara Poletto , Sandro Meloni , Ashleigh Van Metre , Vittoria Colizza , Yamir Moreno , Alessandro Vespignani

Cooperation and competition between pathogens can alter the amount of individuals affected by a co-infection. Nonetheless, the evolution of the pathogens' behavior has been overlooked. Here, we consider a co-evolutionary model where the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-03-23 Fakhteh Ghanbarnejad , Kai Seegers , Alessio Cardillo , Philipp Hövel

Understanding the interplay between human behavioral phenomena and infectious disease dynamics has been one of the central challenges of mathematical epidemiology. However, socio-cognitive processes critical for the initiation of desired…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-01-01 Qingchu Wu , Tarik Hadzibeganovic , Xiao-Pu Han

We present a thorough inspection of the dynamical behavior of epidemic phenomena in populations with complex and heterogeneous connectivity patterns. We show that the growth of the epidemic prevalence is virtually instantaneous in all…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Marc Barthelemy , Alain Barrat , Romualdo Pastor-Satorras , Alessandro Vespignani

Real epidemic spreading networks often composed of several kinds of networks interconnected with each other, and the interrelated networks have the different topologies and epidemic dynamics. Moreover, most human diseases are derived from…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-06-21 Zhongpu Xu , Xinchu Fu

When a new infectious disease (or a new strain of an existing one) emerges, as in the recent COVID-19 pandemic, different types of mobility restrictions are considered to slow down or mitigate the spread of the disease. The measures to be…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-21 Jõao Gabriel Simões Delboni , Gabriel Fabricius

We investigate the effects of cooperativity between contagion processes that spread and persist in a host population. We propose and analyze a dynamical model in which individuals that are affected by one transmissible agent $A$ exhibit a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-11-22 Li Chen , Fakhteh Ghanbarnejad , Dirk Brockmann

Capturing the structure of a population and characterising contacts within the population are key to reliable projections of infectious disease. Two main elements of population structure -- contact heterogeneity and age -- have been…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-03-17 Luke Murray Kearney , Emma L. Davis , Matt J. Keeling

We consider a model for a population in a heterogeneous environment, with logistic type local population dynamics, under the assumption that individuals can switch between two different nonzero rates of diffusion. Such switching behavior…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-01-14 Robert Stephen Cantrell , Chris Cosner , Xiao Yu

In this study, we develop the mathematical model to understand the coupling between the spreading dynamics of infectious diseases and the mobility dynamics through urban transportation systems. We first describe the mobility dynamics of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-05-12 Xinwu Qian , Satish V. Ukkusuri

Waning immunity and reinfection are critical features of many infectious diseases, but epidemiological models often fail to capture the intricate interaction between an individual's history of immunity and their current infection status;…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-25 Raimund M. Kovacevic , Nikolaos I. Stilianakis , Vladimir M. Veliov

Although suppressing the spread of a disease is usually achieved by investing in public resources, in the real world only a small percentage of the population have access to government assistance when there is an outbreak, and most must…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-02-14 Xiaolong Chen , Ruijie Wang , Ming Tang , Shimin Cai , H. Eugene Stanley , Lidia A. Braunstein

Disease awareness in infection dynamics can be modeled with adaptive contact networks whose rewiring rules reflect the attempt by susceptibles to avoid infectious contacts. Simulations of this type of models show an active phase with…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2012-12-06 Stefan Wieland , Tomas Aquino , Ana Nunes

Networks of contacts capable of spreading infectious diseases are often observed to be highly heterogeneous, with the majority of individuals having fewer contacts than the mean, and a significant minority having relatively very many…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-12-21 César Parra-Rojas , Thomas House , Alan J. McKane

Using a stochastic Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) meta-population model of disease transmission, we present analytical calculations and numerical simulations dissecting the interplay between stochasticity and the division of a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-12-17 Philip Bittihn , Ramin Golestanian

In general, the rates of infection and removal (whether through recovery or death) are nonlinear functions of the number of infected and susceptible individuals. One of the simplest models for the spread of infectious diseases is the SIR…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-11 Seong Jun Park , M. Y. Choi

A model describing the dynamics related to the spreading of non-lethal infectious diseases in a fixed-size population is proposed. The model consists of a non-linear delay-differential equation describing the time evolution of the increment…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2010-10-05 A. Noviello , F. Romeo , R. De Luca

In this work, we use a new approach to study the spread of an infectious disease. Indeed, we study a SIR epidemic model with variable infectivity, where the individuals are distributed over a compact subset $D$ of $\R^d$. We define…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Armand Kanga , Etienne Pardoux

The spread of infectious disease and the evolution of antigenically distinct strains are often modeled separately, despite strong feedbacks mediated by host immune memory and heterogeneous contacts. To tackle this challenging problem, we…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-01 Davide Zanchetta , Vittoria Bettio , Sandro Azaele , Manlio De Domenico