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Neural machine translation represents an exciting leap forward in translation quality. But what longstanding weaknesses does it resolve, and which remain? We address these questions with a challenge set approach to translation evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-30 Pierre Isabelle , Colin Cherry , George Foster

Although end-to-end Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has achieved remarkable progress in the past two years, it suffers from a major drawback: translations generated by NMT systems often lack of adequacy. It has been widely observed that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Zhaopeng Tu , Yang Liu , Lifeng Shang , Xiaohua Liu , Hang Li

A large number of machine translation approaches have recently been developed to facilitate the fluid migration of content across languages. However, the literature suggests that many obstacles must still be dealt with to achieve better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Diego Moussallem , Matthias Wauer , Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo

Neural machine translation is a recently proposed approach to machine translation. Unlike the traditional statistical machine translation, the neural machine translation aims at building a single neural network that can be jointly tuned to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Dzmitry Bahdanau , Kyunghyun Cho , Yoshua Bengio

Neural machine translation (NMT), a new approach to machine translation, has achieved promising results comparable to those of traditional approaches such as statistical machine translation (SMT). Despite its recent success, NMT cannot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-21 Zi Long , Takehito Utsuro , Tomoharu Mitsuhashi , Mikio Yamamoto

As the quality of machine translation rises and neural machine translation (NMT) is moving from sentence to document level translations, it is becoming increasingly difficult to evaluate the output of translation systems. We provide a test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-09 Kateřina Rysová , Magdaléna Rysová , Tomáš Musil , Lucie Poláková , Ondřej Bojar

Machine Translation is one of the major oldest and the most active research area in Natural Language Processing. Currently, Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) dominates the Machine Translation research. Statistical Machine Translation is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-10-01 M. Anand Kumar , V. Dhanalakshmi , K. P. Soman , V. Sharmiladevi

Transformer architectures are increasingly effective at processing and generating very long chunks of texts, opening new perspectives for document-level machine translation (MT). In this work, we challenge the ability of MT systems to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Ziqian Peng , Rachel Bawden , François Yvon

Through the development of neural machine translation, the quality of machine translation systems has been improved significantly. By exploiting advancements in deep learning, systems are now able to better approximate the complex mapping…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-03 Jan Niehues , Ngoc-Quan Pham , Thanh-Le Ha , Matthias Sperber , Alex Waibel

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) requires high-quality translations under strict real-time constraints, which traditional policies with only READ/WRITE actions cannot fully address. We extend the action space of SiMT with four…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Qianen Zhang , Zeyu Yang , Satoshi Nakamura

Automatic evaluation of ST systems is typically performed by comparing translation hypotheses with one or more reference translations. While effective to some extent, this approach inherits the limitation of reference-based evaluation that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Mauro Cettolo , Marco Gaido , Matteo Negri , Sara Papi , Luisa Bentivogli

Neural machine translation (NMT) systems have been shown to give undesirable translation when a small change is made in the source sentence. In this paper, we study the behaviour of NMT systems when multiple changes are made to the source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Akshay Chaturvedi , Abijith KP , Utpal Garain

With the wide application of machine translation, the testing of Machine Translation Systems (MTSs) has attracted much attention. Recent works apply Metamorphic Testing (MT) to address the oracle problem in MTS testing. Existing MT methods…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Xiaoyuan Xie , Shuo Jin , Songqiang Chen , Shing-Chi Cheung

Since the first online demonstration of Neural Machine Translation (NMT) by LISA, NMT development has recently moved from laboratory to production systems as demonstrated by several entities announcing roll-out of NMT engines to replace…

Although neural machine translation (NMT) has achieved impressive progress recently, it is usually trained on the clean parallel data set and hence cannot work well when the input sentence is the production of the automatic speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Xiang Li , Haiyang Xue , Wei Chen , Yang Liu , Yang Feng , Qun Liu

The high-quality translation results produced by machine translation (MT) systems still pose a huge challenge for automatic evaluation. Current MT evaluation pays the same attention to each sentence component, while the questions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Runzhe Zhan , Xuebo Liu , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) generates target translations while reading the source sentence. It relies on a policy to determine the optimal timing for reading sentences and generating translations. Existing SiMT methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Shoutao Guo , Shaolei Zhang , Zhengrui Ma , Min Zhang , Yang Feng

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) requires high-quality translations under strict real-time constraints, which traditional encoder-decoder policies with only READ/WRITE actions cannot fully address. We extend the action space of SiMT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Qianen Zhang , Satoshi Nakamura

Recently, neural machine translation (NMT) has been extended to multilinguality, that is to handle more than one translation direction with a single system. Multilingual NMT showed competitive performance against pure bilingual systems.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-22 Surafel M. Lakew , Mauro Cettolo , Marcello Federico

Recent works have shown that Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models achieve impressive performance, however, questions about understanding the behavior of these models remain unanswered. We investigate the unexpected volatility of NMT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Marzieh Fadaee , Christof Monz