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Large-capacity Content Addressable Memory (CAM) is a key element in a wide variety of applications. The inevitable complexities of scaling MOS transistors introduce a major challenge in the realization of such systems. Convergence of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Kamran Eshraghian , Kyoung Rok Cho , Omid Kavehei , Soon-Ku Kang , Derek Abbott , Sung-Mo Steve Kang

Recent breakthroughs in associative memories suggest that silicon memories are coming closer to human memories, especially for memristive Content Addressable Memories (CAMs) which are capable to read and write in analog values. However, the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Jiaao Yu , Paul-Philipp Manea , Sara Ameli , Mohammad Hizzani , Amro Eldebiky , John Paul Strachan

Despite the parallel in-memory search capabilities of content addressable memories (CAMs), their use in applications is constrained by their limited resolution that worsens as they are scaled to larger arrays or advanced nodes. In this work…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Siri Narla , Steven J. Koester , Rebecca A. Dawley , Ageeth A. Bol , Piyush Kumar , Azad Naeemi

Content addressable memory is popular in intelligent computing systems as it allows parallel content-searching in memory. Emerging CAMs show a promising increase in bitcell density and a decrease in power consumption than pure CMOS…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Yihan Pan , Adrian Wheeldon , Mohammed Mughal , Shady Agwa , Themis Prodromakis , Alexantrou Serb

Brain-inspired computing aims to mimic cognitive functions like associative memory, the ability to recall complete patterns from partial cues. Memristor technology offers promising hardware for such neuromorphic systems due to its potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chengping He , Mingrui Jiang , Keyi Shan , Szu-Hao Yang , Zefan Li , Shengbo Wang , Giacomo Pedretti , Jim Ignowski , Can Li

Memristor crossbar arrays are used in a wide range of in-memory and neuromorphic computing applications. However, memristor devices suffer from non-idealities that result in the variability of conductive states, making programming them to a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-05-13 A. P. James , L. O. Chua

Analog memory is of great importance in neurocomputing technologies field, but still remains difficult to implement. With emergence of memristors in VLSI technologies the idea of designing scalable analog data storage elements finds its…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Aidana Irmanova , Alex Pappachen James

We suggest an approach to use memristors (resistors with memory) in programmable analog circuits. Our idea consists in a circuit design in which low voltages are applied to memristors during their operation as analog circuit elements and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-11-20 Yuriy V. Pershin , Massimiliano Di Ventra

Emerging technologies present opportunities for system designers to meet the challenges presented by competing trends of big data analytics and limitations on CMOS scaling. Specifically, memristors are an emerging high-density technology…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-01-21 Yang Liu , Chris Dwyer , Alvin R. Lebeck

Analog content-addressable memories (aCAMs) based on memristors provide a promising pathway toward energy-efficient large-scale associative computing for Edge AI and embedded intelligence applications. They have been successfully applied to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Paul-Philipp Manea , Aishwarya Natarajan , Jim Ignowski , John Paul Strachan , Luca Buonanno

As a promising alternative to the Von Neumann architecture, in-memory computing holds the promise of delivering high computing capacity while consuming low power. Content addressable memory (CAM) can implement pattern matching and distance…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-07-10 Zijing Zhao , Junzhe Kang , Ashwin Tunga , Hojoon Ryu , Ankit Shukla , Shaloo Rakheja , Wenjuan Zhu

A low-power Content-Addressable-Memory (CAM) is introduced employing a new mechanism for associativity between the input tags and the corresponding address of the output data. The proposed architecture is based on a recently developed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Hooman Jarollahi , Vincent Gripon , Naoya Onizawa , Warren J. Gross

In recent times, neural networks have been gaining increasing importance in fields such as pattern recognition and computer vision. However, their usage entails significant energy and hardware costs, limiting the domains in which this…

Content Addressable Memories (CAMs) are considered a key-enabler for in-memory computing (IMC). IMC shows order of magnitude improvement in energy efficiency and throughput compared to traditional computing techniques. Recently, analog CAMs…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Jinane Bazzi , Jana Sweidan , Mohammed E. Fouda , Rouwaida Kanj , Ahmed M. Eltawil

Analog computing based on memristor technology is a promising solution to accelerating the inference phase of deep neural networks (DNNs). A fundamental problem is to map an arbitrary matrix to a memristor crossbar array (MCA) while…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Baogang Zhang , Necati Uysal , Deliang Fan , Rickard Ewetz

The ever-increasing amount of data from ubiquitous smart devices fosters data-centric and cognitive algorithms. Traditional digital computer systems have separate logic and memory units, resulting in a huge delay and energy cost for…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-03-17 Qiming Shao , Zhongrui Wang , Yan Zhou , Shunsuke Fukami , Damien Querlioz , Leon O. Chua

The ability to process signals in digital form depends on analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Traditionally, ADCs are designed to ensure that the digital representation closely matches the analog signal. However, recent studies have shown…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Tal Vol , Loai Danial , Nir Shlezinger

Memristors are nonlinear two-terminal circuit elements whose resistance at a given time depends on past electrical stimuli. Recently, networks of memristors have received attention in neuromorphic computing since they can be used to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-22 H. M. Heidema , H. J. van Waarde , B. Besselink

Conventional neuro-computing architectures and artificial neural networks have often been developed with no or loose connections to neuroscience. As a consequence, they have largely ignored key features of biological neural processing…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Giacomo Indiveri , Bernabe Linares-Barranco , Robert Legenstein , George Deligeorgis , Themistoklis Prodromakis

Content-addressable memory, i.e. stored information that can be retrieved from content-based cues, is key to computation. Besides natural and artificial neural networks, physical learning systems have recently been shown to have remarkable…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-11-18 Félix Benoist , Luca Peliti , Pablo Sartori
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