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Transfer learning aims at improving the performance of target learners on target domains by transferring the knowledge contained in different but related source domains. In this way, the dependence on a large number of target domain data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Fuzhen Zhuang , Zhiyuan Qi , Keyu Duan , Dongbo Xi , Yongchun Zhu , Hengshu Zhu , Hui Xiong , Qing He

Learning from self-sampled data and sparse environmental feedback remains a fundamental challenge in training self-evolving agents. Temporal credit assignment mitigates this issue by transforming sparse feedback into dense supervision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Wen-Tse Chen , Jiayu Chen , Fahim Tajwar , Hao Zhu , Xintong Duan , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Jeff Schneider

In this paper, hypernetworks are trained to generate behaviors across a range of unseen task conditions, via a novel TD-based training objective and data from a set of near-optimal RL solutions for training tasks. This work relates to meta…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Sahand Rezaei-Shoshtari , Charlotte Morissette , Francois Robert Hogan , Gregory Dudek , David Meger

Reinforcement learning (RL) in autonomous driving employs a trial-and-error mechanism, enhancing robustness in unpredictable environments. However, crafting effective reward functions remains challenging, as conventional approaches rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yongming Chen , Miner Chen , Liewen Liao , Mingyang Jiang , Xiang Zuo , Hengrui Zhang , Yuchen Xi , Songan Zhang

As reinforcement learning agents are tasked with solving more challenging and diverse tasks, the ability to incorporate prior knowledge into the learning system and to exploit reusable structure in solution space is likely to become…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms can solve challenging control problems directly from image observations, but they often require millions of environment interactions to do so. Recently, model-based RL algorithms have greatly improved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Yifan Xu , Nicklas Hansen , Zirui Wang , Yung-Chieh Chan , Hao Su , Zhuowen Tu

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful approach to complex decision making. However, one issue that limits its practical application is its brittleness, sometimes failing to train in the presence of small changes in the environment.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Jung-Hoon Cho , Vindula Jayawardana , Sirui Li , Cathy Wu

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an important machine learning paradigm for solving sequential decision-making problems. Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in this field due to the rapid development of deep neural networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Chaofan Pan , Xin Yang , Yanhua Li , Wei Wei , Tianrui Li , Bo An , Jiye Liang

A key assumption in supervised learning is that training and test data follow the same probability distribution. However, this fundamental assumption is not always satisfied in practice, e.g., due to changing environments, sample selection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Nan Lu , Tianyi Zhang , Tongtong Fang , Takeshi Teshima , Masashi Sugiyama

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has experienced significant advancement over the past decade, prompting a growing interest in applications within finance. This survey critically evaluates 167 publications, exploring diverse RL applications and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Nikolaos Pippas , Elliot A. Ludvig , Cagatay Turkay

In coming up with solutions to real-world problems, humans implicitly adhere to constraints that are too numerous and complex to be specified completely. However, reinforcement learning (RL) agents need these constraints to learn the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Sriram Ganapathi Subramanian , Guiliang Liu , Mohammed Elmahgiubi , Kasra Rezaee , Pascal Poupart

Long-term temporal credit assignment is an important challenge in deep reinforcement learning (RL). It refers to the ability of the agent to attribute actions to consequences that may occur after a long time interval. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Tanmay Gangwani , Yuan Zhou , Jian Peng

Accelerating learning processes for complex tasks by leveraging previously learned tasks has been one of the most challenging problems in reinforcement learning, especially when the similarity between source and target tasks is low. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Yunzhe Tao , Sahika Genc , Jonathan Chung , Tao Sun , Sunil Mallya

In deep learning, transfer learning (TL) has become the de facto approach when dealing with image related tasks. Visual features learnt for one task have been shown to be reusable for other tasks, improving performance significantly. By…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Adrian Tormos , Dario Garcia-Gasulla , Victor Gimenez-Abalos , Sergio Alvarez-Napagao

With the emergence of large-scale pre-trained neural networks, methods to adapt such "foundation" models to data-limited downstream tasks have become a necessity. Fine-tuning, preference optimization, and transfer learning have all been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-09 Javan Tahir , Surya Ganguli , Grant M. Rotskoff

Deep neural networks are data hungry models and thus face difficulties when attempting to train on small text datasets. Transfer learning is a potential solution but their effectiveness in the text domain is not as explored as in areas such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Yaser Keneshloo , Naren Ramakrishnan , Chandan K. Reddy

Reinforcement learning is a promising framework for solving control problems, but its use in practical situations is hampered by the fact that reward functions are often difficult to engineer. Specifying goals and tasks for autonomous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Justin Fu , Anoop Korattikara , Sergey Levine , Sergio Guadarrama

Transfer learning is a widely used method to build high performing computer vision models. In this paper, we study the efficacy of transfer learning by examining how the choice of data impacts performance. We find that more pre-training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-13 Jiquan Ngiam , Daiyi Peng , Vijay Vasudevan , Simon Kornblith , Quoc V. Le , Ruoming Pang

Sparse-reward reinforcement learning (RL) can model a wide range of highly complex tasks. Solving sparse-reward tasks is RL's core premise, requiring efficient exploration coupled with long-horizon credit assignment, and overcoming these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Leander Diaz-Bone , Marco Bagatella , Jonas Hübotter , Andreas Krause

Safety has been recognized as the central obstacle to preventing the use of reinforcement learning (RL) for real-world applications. Different methods have been developed to deal with safety concerns in RL. However, learning reliable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Huiliang Zhang , Di Wu , Benoit Boulet