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The current generation of air shower radio arrays has demonstrated that the atmospheric depth of the shower maximum Xmax can be reconstructed with high accuracy. These experiments are now contributing to mass composition studies in the…

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have recently been applied to cosmological fields -- weak lensing mass maps and galaxy maps. However, cosmological maps differ in several ways from the vast majority of images that CNNs have been tested…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-05 Kunhao Zhong , Marco Gatti , Bhuvnesh Jain

Context. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been proven to perform fast classification and detection on natural images and have potential to infer astrophysical parameters on the exponentially increasing amount of sky survey imaging…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-01-16 J. Bialopetravičius , D. Narbutis , V. Vansevičius

Over the next few years the new radio telescopes, such as the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) will greatly enhance our knowledge of the active history of the Universe. Large-area surveys with these new telescopes will no longer be dominated by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Matt J. Jarvis

Dark matter cannot be observed directly, but its weak gravitational lensing slightly distorts the apparent shapes of background galaxies, making weak lensing one of the most promising probes of cosmology. Several observational studies have…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-18 Dezső Ribli , Bálint Ármin Pataki , István Csabai

We explore the impact of reionization topology on 21-cm statistics. Four reionization models are presented which emulate large ionized bubbles around over-dense regions (21CMFAST/ global-inside- out), small ionized bubbles in over-dense…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-15 Catherine A. Watkinson , Jonathan R. Pritchard

The properties of the first galaxies, expected to drive the Cosmic Dawn (CD) and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), are encoded in the 3D structure of the cosmic 21-cm signal. Parameter inference from upcoming 21-cm observations promises to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-01-24 Jaehong Park , Andrei Mesinger , Bradley Greig , Nicolas Gillet

With the high sensitivity and wide-field coverage of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), large samples of explosive transients are expected to be discovered. Radio wavelengths, especially in commensal survey mode, are particularly well suited…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-11-23 Poonam Chandra , G. C. Anupama , K. G. Arun , Shabnam Iyyani , Kuntal Misra , D. Narasimha , Alak Ray , L. Resmi , Subhashis Roy , Firoza Sutaria

The Square Kilometer Array (SKA) will enable studies of star formation in nearby galaxies with a level of detail never before possible outside of the Milky Way. Because the earliest stages of stellar evolution are often inaccessible at…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kelsey E. Johnson

The reionisation time field treion(r) captures the entire history of cosmic reionisation by mapping the moment where each region of the Universe became ionised. Previous work has shown that treion(r) can be inferred from 21-cm observations,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Julien Hiegel , Dominique Aubert , Émilie Thélie , Rodrigo Ibata , Nicolas Mai

The 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen is a sensitive probe of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) and Cosmic Dawn. Currently operating radio telescopes have ushered in a data-driven era of 21-cm cosmology, providing the first constraints on the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-10 Aviad Cohen , Anastasia Fialkov , Rennan Barkana , Raul Monsalve

In this short contribution we consider what types of surveys might be optimally pursued with path-finding instruments of 1%, 10% and finally 100% of the projected SKA sensitivity from the perspective of scientific applications that utilize…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert Braun

Next-generation cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments will have lower noise and therefore increased sensitivity, enabling improved constraints on fundamental physics parameters such as the sum of neutrino masses and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-16 João Caldeira , W. L. Kimmy Wu , Brian Nord , Camille Avestruz , Shubhendu Trivedi , Kyle T. Story

Reconstructing the initial density field of the Universe from the late-time matter distribution is a nontrivial task with implications for understanding structure formation in cosmology, offering insights into early Universe conditions.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Koichiro Nakashima , Kiyotomo Ichiki , Atsushi J. Nishizawa , Kenji Hasegawa

We provide an overview of 21cm tomography of the Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization as possible with SKA-Low. We show why tomography is essential for studying CD/EoR and present the scales which can be imaged at different frequencies for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Garrelt Mellema , León Koopmans , Hemant Shukla , Kanan K. Datta , Andrei Mesinger , Suman Majumdar

The 21cm line from the spin-flip transition of neutral hydrogen (HI) provides a unique window into the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), the final phase transition of our Universe. The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) enables precise measurements of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-09 Yannic Pietschke , Caroline Heneka , Tom Schlenker , Ayodele Ore , Benedikt Schosser

In the past several decades, the standard cosmological model has been established and its parameters have been measured to a high precision, while there are still many of the fundamental questions in cosmology; such as the physics in the…

Deep wide spectral line surveys with the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will expand the cosmic frontiers of neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) in galaxies. However, at cosmologically significant redshifts ($z \gtrsim 0.5$), detections will…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-02-12 Charissa Button , Roger Deane

We use the Fisher matrix formalism and semi-numerical simulations to derive quantitative predictions of the constraints that power spectrum measurements on next-generation interferometers, such as the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-26 Aaron Ewall-Wice , Jacqueline Hewitt , Andrei Mesinger , Joshua S. Dillon , Adrian Liu , Jonathan Pober

Similarly to warm dark matter which features a cut-off in the matter power spectrum due to free-streaming, many interacting dark matter models predict a suppression of the matter power spectrum on small length scales through collisional…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-23 Markus R. Mosbech , Celine Boehm , Yvonne Y. Y. Wong