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It is widely claimed that the natural axiom systems$\unicode{x2013}$including the large cardinal axioms$\unicode{x2013}$form a well-ordered hierarchy. Yet, as is well-known, it is possible to exhibit non-linearity and ill-foundedness by…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-12-21 Hanul Jeon , James Walsh

We introduce a framework for ordinal notation systems, present a family of strong yet simple systems, and give many examples of ordinals in these systems. While much of the material is conjectural, we include systems with conjectured…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-01-01 Dmytro Taranovsky

In this paper we give an ordinal analysis of a set theory with $\Pi_{N}$-Collection.

Logic · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Toshiyasu Arai

We give a new simple proof of the decidability of the First Order Theory of (omega^omega^i,+) and the Monadic Second Order Theory of (omega^i,<), improving the complexity in both cases. Our algorithm is based on tree automata and a new…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Thierry Cachat

We give an alternative presentation of the ordinal notation at the strength of $\Pi^1_1-CA_0$ which allows the "uncountable" notation $\Omega$ to be interpreted "polymorphically" - that is, we allow the notation to be interpreted as…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Henry Towsner

A first order trace formula is obtained for a higher-order differential operator on a segment in the case where the perturbation is an operator of multiplication by a finite complex-valued measure. For the operators of even order $n\ge4$ a…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-22 E. D. Galkovskii , A. I. Nazarov

We give a general overview of ordinal notation systems arising from reflection calculi, and extend the to represent impredicative ordinals up to those representable using Buchholz-style collapsing functions.

Logic · Mathematics 2017-10-04 David Fernández-Duque

This paper deals with a proof theory for a theory of $\Pi_{N}$-reflecting ordinals using a system of ordinal diagrams. This is a sequel to the previous one(APAL 129)in which a theory for $\Pi_{3}$-reflection is analysed proof-theoretically.

Logic · Mathematics 2010-07-07 Toshiyasu Arai

Using a recently introduced algebraic framework for the classification of fragments of first-order logic, we study the complexity of the satisfiability problem for several ordered fragments of first-order logic, which are obtained from the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Reijo Jaakkola

In this paper we study a class of constrained minimax problems. In particular, we propose a first-order augmented Lagrangian method for solving them, whose subproblems turn out to be a much simpler structured minimax problem and are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Zhaosong Lu , Sanyou Mei

Extending Aanderaa's classical result that $\pi^1_1<\sigma^1_1$, we determine the order between any two patterns of iterated $\Sigma^1_1$- and $\Pi^1_1$-reflection. We show that this \emph{linear reflection order} is a prewellordering of…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-01-13 J. P. Aguilera

We consider several formalizations in the language of second-order arithmetic of "The formula $\phi$ is a theorem of $\omega$-logic", including some which have been studied in the literature and a new variant defined via a least fixed…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-03-23 David Fernández-Duque

We will investigate proof-theoretic and linguistic aspects of first-order linear logic. We will show that adding partial order constraints in such a way that each sequent defines a unique linear order on the antecedent formulas of a sequent…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Richard Moot

We extend first-order logic to include variadic function symbols, and prove a substitution lemma. Two applications are given: one to bounded quantifier elimination and one to the definability of certain Borel sets.

Logic · Mathematics 2019-11-19 Samuel Alexander

Let T be Goedel's system of primitive recursive functionals of finite type in the lambda formulation. We define by constructive means using recursion on nested multisets a multivalued function I from the set of terms of T into the set of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Gunnar Wilken , Andreas Weiermann

We consider fragments of uniform reflection for formulas in the analytic hierarchy over theories of second order arithmetic. The main result is that for any second order arithmetic theory $T_0$ extending ${\sf RCA}_0$ and axiomatizable by a…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-07-26 Emanuele Frittaion

In this paper we calibrate the strength of the soundness of a Kripke-Platek set theory with the axioms of Infinity and \Pi_{1}-Collection with the assumption that`there exists an uncountable regular ordinal' in terms of the existence of…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-01-31 Toshiyasu Arai

Supported by the recent contributions in multiple branches, the first-order splitting algorithms became central for structured nonsmooth optimization. In the large-scale or noisy contexts, when only stochastic information on the smooth part…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-05 Andrei Patrascu , Paul Irofti

This paper discusses the method of formative rules for first-order term rewriting, which was previously defined for a higher-order setting. Dual to the well-known usable rules, formative rules allow dropping some of the term constraints…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-05-01 Carsten Fuhs , Cynthia Kop

In this paper, we study optimization methods consisting of iteratively minimizing surrogates of an objective function. By proposing several algorithmic variants and simple convergence analyses, we make two main contributions. First, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-05-15 Julien Mairal