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Diffusion models have shown remarkable empirical success in sampling from rich multi-modal distributions. Their inference relies on numerically solving a certain differential equation. This differential equation cannot be solved in closed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Khashayar Gatmiry , Sitan Chen , Adil Salim

The discrete-dipole approximation (DDA) is a flexible technique for computing scattering and absorption by targets of arbitrary geometry. In this paper we perform systematic study of various non-stationary iterative (conjugate gradient)…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Piotr J. Flatau

We consider the multidimensional space-fractional diffusion equations with spatially varying diffusivity and fractional order. Significant computational challenges are encountered when solving these equations due both to the kernel…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-08-31 Hasnaa Alzahrani , George Turkiyyah , Omar Knio , David Keyes

The radiative transfer equation models the interaction of radiation with scattering and absorbing media and has important applications in various fields in science and engineering. It is an integro-differential equation involving time,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-04-20 Min Zhang , Juan Cheng , Weizhang Huang , Jianxian Qiu

Diffusion models have emerged as the new state-of-the-art generative model with high quality samples, with intriguing properties such as mode coverage and high flexibility. They have also been shown to be effective inverse problem solvers,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hyungjin Chung , Dohoon Ryu , Michael T. McCann , Marc L. Klasky , Jong Chul Ye

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful generative priors for solving inverse problems. However, training diffusion models in the pixel space are both data-intensive and computationally demanding, which restricts their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Bowen Song , Soo Min Kwon , Zecheng Zhang , Xinyu Hu , Qing Qu , Liyue Shen

The difficulty of description of the radiative transfer in disordered photonic crystals arises from the necessity to consider on the equal footing the wave scattering by periodic modulations of the dielectric function and by its random…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-16 M. V. Erementchouk , L. I. Deych , H. Noh , H. Cao , A. A. Lisyansky

Source extension is a reformulation of inverse problems in wave propagation, that at least in some cases leads to computationally tractable iterative solution methods. The core subproblem in all source extension methods is the solution of a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-04-01 William W. Symes

In this study, we consider the simulation of subsurface flow and solute transport processes in the stationary limit. In the convection-dominant case, the numerical solution of the transport problem may exhibit non-physical diffusion and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-19 A. Q. T. Ngo , P. Bastian , O. Ippisch

Inverse problems arise in a multitude of applications, where the goal is to recover a clean signal from noisy and possibly (non)linear observations. The difficulty of a reconstruction problem depends on multiple factors, such as the ground…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-21 Zalan Fabian , Berk Tinaz , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

We present a new boundary integral formulation for time-harmonic wave diffraction from two-dimensional structures with many layers of arbitrary periodic shape, such as multilayer dielectric gratings in TM polarization. Our scheme is robust…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-06-23 Min Hyung Cho , Alex H. Barnett

This paper presents a fast high-order method for the solution of two-dimensional problems of scattering by penetrable inhomogeneous media, with application to high-frequency configurations containing (possibly) discontinuous refractivities.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-31 Oscar P. Bruno , Ambuj Pandey

We analyze the inverse problem to reconstruct the shape of a three dimensional homogeneous dielectric obstacle from the knowledge of noisy far field data. The forward problem is solved by a system of second kind boundary integral equations.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-22 Thorsten Hohage , Frédérique Le Louër

We develop a semi-analytic deterministic framework for charged-particle transport with continuous slowing-down in energy and angular scattering. Directed transport and energy advection are treated by method-of-characteristics integration,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Ben S. Ashby , Alex Lukyanov , Tristan Pryer

Observations and magnetohydrodynamic simulations of solar and stellar atmospheres reveal an intermittent behavior or steep gradients in physical parameters, such as magnetic field, temperature, and bulk velocities. The numerical solution of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-22 Gioele Janett

Metasurfaces enable powerful control of electromagnetic waves using subwavelength planar structures, but their deeply subwavelength periodicity typically suppresses propagating diffraction orders, which limits the number of available…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-14 Karim Achouri

In theory, diffusion curves promise complex color gradations for infinite-resolution vector graphics. In practice, existing realizations suffer from poor scaling, discretization artifacts, or insufficient support for rich boundary…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-27 Seungbae Bang , Kirill Serkh , Oded Stein , Alec Jacobson

We consider flux-corrected finite element discretizations of 3D convection-dominated transport problems and assess the computational efficiency of algorithms based on such approximations. The methods under investigation include…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-01-15 Abhinav Jha , Ondřej Pártl , Naveed Ahmed , Dmitri Kuzmin

Data scarcity is a fundamental barrier in Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT), as undersampled Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) measurements can substantially degrade conductivity reconstructions. We address this bottleneck by completing…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Ke Chen , Haizhao Yang , Chugang Yi

We propose a double obstacle phase field approach to the recovery of piece-wise constant diffusion coefficients for elliptic partial differential equations. The approach to this inverse problem is that of optimal control in which we have a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-04-20 Klaus Deckelnick , Charles M. Elliott , Vanessa Styles