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Finite-$N$ effects unavoidably drive the long-term evolution of long-range interacting $N$-body systems. The Balescu-Lenard kinetic equation generically describes this process sourced by ${1/N}$ effects but this kinetic operator exactly…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-11-11 Jean-Baptiste Fouvry , Pierre-Henri Chavanis , Christophe Pichon

Long-range interacting systems irreversibly relax as a result of their finite number of particles, $N$. At order $1/N$, this process is described by the inhomogeneous Balescu--Lenard equation. Yet, this equation exactly vanishes in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-11-23 Jean-Baptiste Fouvry

Long-range interacting systems unavoidably relax through Poisson shot noise fluctuations generated by their finite number of particles, $N$. When driven by two-body correlations, i.e. ${1/N}$ effects, this long-term evolution is described…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-06-08 Jean-Baptiste Fouvry , Mathieu Roule

We review and complete the existing literature on the kinetic theory of spatially homogeneous systems with long-range interactions taking collective effects into account. The evolution of the system as a whole is described by the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-02-20 Pierre-Henri Chavanis

We develop a kinetic theory of systems with long-range interactions taking collective effects and spatial inhomogeneity into account. Starting from the Klimontovich equation and using a quasilinear approximation, we derive a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-28 Pierre-Henri Chavanis

We complete the existing literature on the kinetic theory of systems with long-range interactions. Starting from the BBGKY hierarchy, or using projection operator technics or a quasilinear theory, a general kinetic equation can be derived…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-18 Pierre-Henri Chavanis

A kinetic equation for the collisional evolution of stable, bound, self gravitating and slowly relaxing systems is established, which is valid when the number of constituents is very large. It accounts for the detailed dynamics and self…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2010-05-04 Jean Heyvaerts

We provide a short historic of the early development of kinetic theory in plasma physics and synthesize the basic kinetic equations describing the evolution of systems with long-range interactions derived in Paper I. We describe the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-11-12 Pierre-Henri Chavanis

We develop the kinetic theory of collisionless relaxation for systems with long-range interactions in relation to the statistical theory of Lynden-Bell. We treat the multi-level case. We make the connection between the kinetic equation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-09-28 Pierre-Henri Chavanis

Systems of particles with long range interactions present two important processes: first, the formation of out-of-equilibrium quasi-stationary states (QSS), and the collisional relaxation towards Maxwell-Boltzmann equilibrium in a much…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-03-08 Fernanda P. C. Benetti , Bruno Marcos

Quasi-Stationary States of long-range interacting systems have been studied at length over the last fifteen years. It is known that the collisional terms of the Balescu-Lenard and Landau equations vanish for one-dimensional systems in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-10-01 A. Figueiredo , T. M. Rocha Filho , A. E. Santana , M. A. Amato

We present a kinetic theory for inhomogeneous systems with weak long-range interactions. Starting from the Klimontovich equation and using a quasilinear theory, we obtain a closed kinetic equation describing the relaxation of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 Pierre-Henri Chavanis

The dynamics of quasi-stationary states of long-range interacting systems with $N$ particles can be described by kinetic equations such as the Balescu-Lenard and Landau equations. In the case of one-dimensional homogeneous systems, two-body…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-09 C. R. Lourenço , T. M. Rocha Filho

We investigate the secular dynamics of long-range interacting particles moving on a sphere, in the limit of an axisymmetric mean field potential. We show that this system can be described by the general kinetic equation, the inhomogeneous…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-03-13 Jean-Baptiste Fouvry , Ben Bar-Or , Pierre-Henri Chavanis

A new kinetic theory Boltzmann-like collision term including correlations is proposed. In equilibrium it yields the one-particle distribution function in the form of a generalised-Lorentzian resembling but not being identical with the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 R. A. Treumann

A dilute gas of hard disks confined between two straight parallel lines is considered. The distance between the two boundaries is in between one and two particle diameters, so that the system is quasi-one-dimensional. A Boltzmann-like…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-04-13 M. Mayo , J. Javier Brey , M. I. García de Soria , P. Maynar

We complete the kinetic theory of inhomogeneous systems with long-range interactions initiated in previous works. We use a simpler and more physical formalism. We consider a system of particles submitted to a small external stochastic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-08-23 Pierre-Henri Chavanis

We develop the kinetic theory of Hamiltonian systems with weak long-range interactions. Starting from the Klimontovich equation and using a quasilinear theory, we obtain a general kinetic equation that can be applied to spatially…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Pierre-Henri Chavanis

We investigate the long-term relaxation of a distribution of $N$ point vortices in two-dimensional hydrodynamics. To focus on the regime of weak collective amplification, we embed these point vortices within a static background potential…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-28 Jean-Baptiste Fouvry , Pierre-Henri Chavanis

We apply the general results of the kinetic theory of systems with long-range interactions to particular systems of physical interest. We consider repulsive and attractive power-law potentials of interaction r^{-\gamma} with \gamma<d in a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-11-12 Pierre-Henri Chavanis
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