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Non-negative matrix factorisation (NMF) is a widely used tool for unsupervised learning and feature extraction, with applications ranging from genomics to text analysis and signal processing. Standard formulations of NMF are typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Elisabeth Sommer James , Asger Hobolth , Marta Pelizzola

Accurate pitch estimation is essential for numerous speech processing applications, yet it remains challenging in high-distortion environments. This paper proposes a robust pitch estimation method that delivers robust pitch estimates in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Anup Singh , Kris Demuynck

Minimum-volume nonnegative matrix factorization (min-vol NMF) has been used successfully in many applications, such as hyperspectral imaging, chemical kinetics, spectroscopy, topic modeling, and audio source separation. However, its…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-07 Giovanni Barbarino , Nicolas Gillis , Subhayan Saha

Any-to-any voice conversion technologies convert the vocal timbre of an utterance to any speaker even unseen during training. Although there have been several state-of-the-art any-to-any voice conversion models, they were all based on clean…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-02 Chien-yu Huang , Kai-Wei Chang , Hung-yi Lee

Supervised masking approaches in the time-frequency domain aim to employ deep neural networks to estimate a multiplicative mask to extract clean speech. This leads to a single estimate for each input without any guarantees or measures of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-16 Huajian Fang , Dennis Becker , Stefan Wermter , Timo Gerkmann

Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has already been applied to learn speaker characterizations from single or non-simultaneous speech for speaker recognition applications. It is also known for its good performance in (blind) source…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-05-02 Jeroen Zegers , Hugo Van hamme

Cross-modal noise-robust learning is a challenging task since noisy correspondence is hard to recognize and rectify. Due to the cumulative and unavoidable negative impact of unresolved noise, existing methods cannot maintain a stable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Xu Zhang , Hao Li , Mang Ye

We present our experiments in training robust to noise an end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) model using intensive data augmentation. We explore the efficacy of fine-tuning a pre-trained model to improve noise robustness, and we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-27 Jagadeesh Balam , Jocelyn Huang , Vitaly Lavrukhin , Slyne Deng , Somshubra Majumdar , Boris Ginsburg

Many application studies rely on audio DNN models pre-trained on a large-scale dataset as essential feature extractors, and they extract features from the last layers. In this study, we focus on our finding that the middle layer features of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-18 Daisuke Niizumi , Daiki Takeuchi , Yasunori Ohishi , Noboru Harada , Kunio Kashino

Current state-of-the-art speech recognition systems build on recurrent neural networks for acoustic and/or language modeling, and rely on feature extraction pipelines to extract mel-filterbanks or cepstral coefficients. In this paper we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Neil Zeghidour , Qiantong Xu , Vitaliy Liptchinsky , Nicolas Usunier , Gabriel Synnaeve , Ronan Collobert

This paper introduces a phase-aware probabilistic model for audio source separation. Classical source models in the short-term Fourier transform domain use circularly-symmetric Gaussian or Poisson random variables. This is equivalent to…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Paul Magron , Tuomas Virtanen

The objective function of a matrix factorization model usually aims to minimize the average of a regression error contributed by each element. However, given the existence of stochastic noises, the implicit deviations of sample data from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-31 Guang-He Lee , Shao-Wen Yang , Shou-De Lin

This work builds on a previous work on unsupervised speech enhancement using a dynamical variational autoencoder (DVAE) as the clean speech model and non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) as the noise model. We propose to replace the NMF…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-14 Xiaoyu Lin , Simon Leglaive , Laurent Girin , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

It has been shown that learning audiovisual features can lead to improved speech recognition performance over audio-only features, especially for noisy speech. However, in many common applications, the visual features are partially or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-20 Oscar Chang , Otavio Braga , Hank Liao , Dmitriy Serdyuk , Olivier Siohan

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has reached a level of accuracy in recent years, that even outperforms humans in transcribing speech to text. Nevertheless, all current ASR approaches show a certain weakness against ambient noise. To…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Christopher Simic , Tobias Bocklet

Speech recognition in noisy and channel distorted scenarios is often challenging as the current acoustic modeling schemes are not adaptive to the changes in the signal distribution in the presence of noise. In this work, we develop a novel…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-03 Purvi Agrawal , Sriram Ganapathy

In this paper, we present RT-GCC-NMF: a real-time (RT), two-channel blind speech enhancement algorithm that combines the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) dictionary learning algorithm with the generalized cross-correlation (GCC)…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-08 Sean U. N. Wood , Jean Rouat

Robust speaker verification under noisy conditions remains an open challenge. Conventional deep learning methods learn a robust unified speaker representation space against diverse background noise and achieve significant improvement. In…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Bin Gu , Haitao Zhao , Jibo Wei

The performance of speaker-related systems usually degrades heavily in practical applications largely due to the presence of background noise. To improve the robustness of such systems in unknown noisy environments, this paper proposes a…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-05-04 Siyang Song , Shuimei Zhang , Björn Schuller , Linlin Shen , Michel Valstar

This paper describes a practical dual-process speech enhancement system that adapts environment-sensitive frame-online beamforming (front-end) with help from environment-free block-online source separation (back-end). To use minimum…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-25 Aditya Arie Nugraha , Kouhei Sekiguchi , Mathieu Fontaine , Yoshiaki Bando , Kazuyoshi Yoshii