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Precise control and manipulation of optical fields on a nanoscale is one of the most important and challenging problems in "nanophotonics". Since optical wavelength is on a much larger microscale, it is impossible to employ conventional…

Optics · Physics 2011-06-03 T. S. Kao , S. D. Jenkins , J. Ruostekoski , N. I. Zheludev

The mechanical properties of metallic nanostructures are governed not only by topology but also by crystal symmetry and face-specific surface physics, which are typically absent from continuum topology optimization. We develop an…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Chun-Teh Chen , Denvid Lau

Existing deep learning-based low-light enhancement methods are typically trained on limited datasets with single enhancement targets, which restricts their generalization ability and controllability in real-world applications. To overcome…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yufeng Yang , Jianzhuang Liu , Jisheng Chu , Yuqi Peng , Xianfang Zeng , Jiancheng Huang , Shifeng Chen

The geometric constraints of Zhou et al. (2015) are a widely used technique in topology/freeform optimization to impose minimum lengthscales for manufacturability. However, its efficacy degrades as design binarization is increased, and it…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-23 Rodrigo Arrieta , Giuseppe Romano , Steven G. Johnson

Owing to their ability to concentrate light on nanometer scales, plasmonic surface structures are ideally suited for on-chip functionalization with nonlinear or gain materials. However, achieving a high effective quantum yield across a…

Scalable photonic optimization holds the promise of significantly enhancing the performance of diffractive lenses across a wide range of photonic applications. However, the high computational cost of conventional full three-dimensional…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-26 Marco Gerhardt , Sungkun Hong , Moosung Lee

In the last decades nanostructures have unlocked myriads of functionalities in nanophotonics by engineering light-matter interaction beyond what is possible with conventional bulk optics. The space of parameters available for design is…

Optics · Physics 2023-10-31 Johannes Gedeon , Emadeldeen Hassan , Antonio Calà Lesina

This article introduces a functional method for lower-dimensional smooth representations in terms of time-varying dissimilarities. The method incorporates dissimilarity representation in multidimensional scaling and smoothness approach of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-02 Liting Li

In this paper, we propose a level set-based topology optimization method for the unit-cell design of acoustic metasurfaces by using a two-scale homogenization method. Based on previous works, we first propose a homogenization method for…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Yuki Noguchi , Takayuki Yamada

Bilevel optimization is a central tool in machine learning for high-dimensional hyperparameter tuning. Its applications are vast; for instance, in imaging it can be used for learning data-adaptive regularizers and optimizing forward…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Mohammad Sadegh Salehi , Subhadip Mukherjee , Lindon Roberts , Matthias J. Ehrhardt

In order to save the memory, we propose a miniaturization method for neural network to reduce the parameter quantity existed in remote sensing (RS) image semantic segmentation model. The compact convolution optimization method is first used…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Shou-Yu Chen , Guang-Sheng Chen , Wei-Peng Jing

The tradeoff between receptive field size and efficiency is a crucial issue in low level vision. Plain convolutional networks (CNNs) generally enlarge the receptive field at the expense of computational cost. Recently, dilated filtering has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Pengju Liu , Hongzhi Zhang , Kai Zhang , Liang Lin , Wangmeng Zuo

Functional nanoparticles (NPs) have gained significant attention as a promising application in various fields, including sensor, smart coating, drug delivery, and more. Here, we propose a novel mechanism assisted by machine-learning…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-08-06 Changhuang Huang , Kechun Bai , Yanyan Zhu , David Andelman , Xingkun Man

The calculation of potential energy surfaces for quantum dynamics can be a time consuming task -- especially when a high level of theory for the electronic structure calculation is required. We propose an adaptive interpolation algorithm…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-08-24 Markus Kowalewski , Elisabeth Larsson , Alfa Heryudono

Precise manipulation of small objects using light holds transformative potential across diverse fields. While research in optical trapping and manipulation predominantly relies on the attraction of solid matter to light intensity maxima,…

Optics · Physics 2025-04-28 Adeel Afridi , Bruno Melo , Nadine Meyer , Romain Quidant

Structural disorder can improve the optical properties of metasurfaces, whether it is emerging from some large-scale fabrication methods, or explicitly designed and built lithographically. Correlated disorder, induced by a minimum…

In this study, we find the optimal control boundary (i.e., actuator velocity) that cancels the acoustic reverberations inside drop-on-demand inkjet printheads at a specific time. We formulate an optimization problem to minimize the total…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-14 Javier Lorente-Macias , Matthew P. Juniper

Few-shot learning is a relatively new technique that specializes in problems where we have little amounts of data. The goal of these methods is to classify categories that have not been seen before with just a handful of samples. Recent…

A metasurface lens (meta-lens) bends light using nanostructures on a flat surface. Macroscopic meta-lenses (mm- to cm-scale diameter) have been quite difficult to simulate and optimize, due to the large area, the lack of periodicity, and…

Optics · Physics 2016-03-04 Steven J. Byrnes , Alan Lenef , Francesco Aieta , Federico Capasso

Controlling the flow of broadband electromagnetic energy at the nanoscale remains a critical challenge in optoelectronics. Surface plasmon polaritons (or plasmons) provide subwavelength localization of light, but are affected by significant…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-15 Maxim S. Elizarov , Yuri S. Kivshar , A. Fratalocchi